Administered CpG oligodeoxynucleotide induces mRNA expression of CXC and CC chemokines at the intestinal mucosa and PBMCs in piglets

CpG oligodeoxynucleotide promotes protective immunity in the enteric mucosa and suppresses enterotoxigenic E. coli in the weaning piglets

“…It was recently demonstrated in our laboratory that repeated administrations of CpG D19 could effectively activate mucosal innate immune responses by recruitment of dentritic cells (DCs) and macrophage cells [22]. Recognizing CXC and CC chemokines, Th1 type cytokines, as well as HDPs in protective innate immune responses, and where after development of antigen-specific antibodies was important against bacterial infection, therefore, in the current study, we investigated the IM, IN and OR administrations of Aclass CpG D19 alone on induction of CXC and CC chemokines, Th1 type cytokines, HDPs (cathelicidins: PR-39 and protegrin-1; β-defensin: pBD1 and pBD2) and F4-specific antibody responses in the intestinal mucosa and examined the impact of D19 treatment on control of diarrhea in weaning piglets.…”

Innate defense regulator peptide synergizes with CpG ODN for enhanced innate intestinal immune responses in neonate piglets

“…Clinical signs and morbidity were examined daily for 14 days post challenge. The doses of CpG ODN and IDR used correspond to those previously reported by Zhang et al and Kindrachuk et al [11,20,21]. At day 3 post immunization 6 piglets per group were euthanized by bleeding under anesthesia by intravenous injection of Halothane (24 mg/kg), intestinal tissues (jejunum) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were collected and jejunum tissue samples were stored at − 70°C until assayed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) sequence detection system for chemokines (IP-10, I-TAC, RANTES and MCP-1) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, TNF-α, IL-12) mRNA expression in intestinal tissues.…”

“…Animals in the placebo group were administered IN with buffer only. 7 day post administration, all the pigs were challenged orally with a dose of 10 10 CFU per piglet of the challenge strain [20]. Clinical signs and morbidity were examined daily for 14 days post challenge.…”

“…Following cell isolation, flow cytometric analyses were performed on intestinal tissues (jejunum) and MLN samples collected at day 3 post immunization as described by our experimental procedures [20,26,27]. 3 pools of MNC in each group at the timepoint were respectively used for CD3/CD4/CD8 triple or SWC3/CD11R1 double cytofluorometric analyses, CD21 mAb, or secreted cytokines cytofluorometric analyses.…”

“…It was recently demonstrated in our laboratory that repeated administrations of CpG D19 could effectively activate mucosal innate immune responses by recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophage cells [20]. Recently, several reports had demonstrated enhanced adjuvant activities for IDRs in combination with CpG ODN [11][12][13][14].…”