2011
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2010.188789
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Adjuvants to local anaesthesia in ophthalmic surgery

Abstract: This article reviews the use of adjuvants to local anaesthesia for ophthalmic regional anaesthesia. Hyaluronidase, bicarbonate, epinephrine, muscle relaxants, opiates and clonidine have all been described singly and in combination for use as an adjuvant to ophthalmic regional anaesthesia. The article focuses on the efficacy of the adjuvants with regard to improving akinesia, analgesia, speed of onset and reducing block failure. A description of the pharmacological action of each adjuvant is given followed by a… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(33 citation statements)
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“…This should especially be the case when a patient has had prior exposure from previous anaesthesia and has undergone sensitisation to the molecule. 2 Although rare, hyaluronidase hypersensitivity may lead to significant visual impairment. 3 Clinicians should be aware of this potential complication and risk of cross-reactivity with insect bites or stings.…”
Section: Commentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This should especially be the case when a patient has had prior exposure from previous anaesthesia and has undergone sensitisation to the molecule. 2 Although rare, hyaluronidase hypersensitivity may lead to significant visual impairment. 3 Clinicians should be aware of this potential complication and risk of cross-reactivity with insect bites or stings.…”
Section: Commentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, propofol is an excellent growth medium for bacteria [2] and has been linked to significant sepsis [3] resulting in an FDA warning [4]. Traditional obstetric anaesthetic practice has often been to draw up thiopental in advance and store in a fridge, facilitating speedy access in an emergency.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Deste modo, a literatura busca a utilização de adjuvantes não adrenérgicos para melhorar a eficácia e segurança de anestésicos locais de ação intermediária, como a lidocaína, associada, por exemplo, ao bicarbonato de sódio, a clonidina, aos opióides (Carnaval et al, 2013;Borghi et al, 2013;Adams, 2011), a hialuronidase (Adams, 2011), a sistemas de liberação lenta, e como neste estudo a combinação destes últimos, sistema de liberação lenta de hialuronidase.…”
Section: Revisão Da Literaturaunclassified
“…Esta quebra promove uma diminuição da viscosidade da matriz extracelular, sendo esta ação reversível, pois a estrutura do tecido é restabelecida (Adams, 2011). Sabe-se que aproximadamente um terço de todo o ácido hialurônico, presente nos diversos tecidos humanos, é renovado por dia, sendo essa renovação variável para cada tipo da enzima e do tecido alvo (Tammi et al, 2002).…”
Section: áCido Hialurônico E Hialuronidaseunclassified
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