Adjuvants for allergy vaccines

Moingeon, Philippe

doi:10.4161/hv.21688

Cited by 54 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In murine models, several TH2-downregulating compounds such as toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, living or heat-killed bacteria, and small molecules such as dihydroxyvitamin D3 have been administered via the subcutaneous or other parenteral routes 28 , and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides have also been tested in human patients 35,36 . Bacterial toxins (cholera toxin, heat-labile enterotoxin from E. coli as well as genetically modified versions thereof) have been evaluated as mucosal immunopotentiators in pre-clinical models, either by coadministration with allergens, or conjugated or fused to them.…”

Section: Novel Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of nanoparticles for allergen-specific immunotherapy – use of silica nanoparticles as vaccination platform

Scheiblhofer

Machado

Feinle

et al. 2016

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

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Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only curative approach for the treatment of allergies. There is an urgent need for improved therapies, which increase both, efficacy and patient compliance. Novel routes of immunization and the use of more advanced vaccine platforms have gained heightened interest in this field. Areas covered: The current status of allergen-specific immunotherapy is summarized and novel routes of immunization and their challenges in the clinics are critically discussed. The use of nanoparticles as novel delivery system for allergy vaccines is comprehensively reviewed. Specifically, the advantages of silica nanoparticles as vaccine carriers and adjuvants are summarized. Expert opinion: Future allergen-specific immunotherapy will combine engineered hypoallergenic vaccines with novel routes of administration, such as the skin. Due to their biodegradability, and the easiness to introduce surface modifications, silica nanoparticles are promising candidates for tailor-made vaccines. By covalently linking allergens and polysaccharides to silica nanoparticles, a versatile vaccination platform can be designed to specifically target antigen-presenting cells, render the formulation hypoallergenic, and introduce immunomodulatory functions. Combining potent skin vaccination methods, such as fractional laser ablation, with nanoparticle-based vaccines addresses all the requirements for safe and efficient therapy of allergic diseases.

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Section: Novel Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of nanoparticles for allergen-specific immunotherapy – use of silica nanoparticles as vaccination platform

Scheiblhofer

Machado

Feinle

et al. 2016

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

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“…The lipid micelles also protect and deliver the cargo immunogens directly to the antigen-presenting cells [40] and serve as immunological adjuvants for Th1- and cell-mediated immune responses [27,41]. Thus, liposome is well suited as a delivery vehicle (and adjuvant) for allergy vaccines that aim to counterbalance the dominant Th2 response of allergic subjects [42]. However, the surface charges, sizes and lipid composition of the liposome determine the biodistribution, immunogenicity and innocuousness of the vaccine [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal, Liposome-Adjuvanted Cockroach Allergy Vaccines Made of Refined Major Allergen and Whole-Body Extract of <b><i>Periplaneta americana</i></b>

Meechan¹,

Tungtrongchitr

Chaisri

et al. 2013

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Cockroach (CR) allergens frequently cause severe asthma in CR-sensitized subjects. Allergen-specific immunotherapy causes a shift of allergic Th2 responses towards Th1 and/or regulatory T cell (Treg) responses which reduce airway inflammation and prevent disease progression. Data are relatively limited on immunotherapy via CR allergy vaccine. Methods: The therapeutic efficacy of an intranasal liposome-adjuvant vaccine made of a refined Periplaneta americana arginine kinase (AK) was compared to the liposome-entrapped P. americana crude extract (CRE) vaccine. Adult BALB/c mice were rendered allergic to CRE. Three allergic mouse groups were immunized intranasally on alternate days with 8 doses of liposome-entrapped CRE (L-CRE), liposome-entrapped AK and placebo, respectively. One week later, all mice received a nebulized CRE provocation. Evaluation of vaccine efficacy was performed 1 day after provocation. Results: Liposome-entrapped native AK attenuated airway inflammation after the CRE provocation and caused a shift of allergic Th2 to Th1 and Treg responses. The L-CRE also induced a shift from the Th2 to the Th1 response but did not induce a Treg response and could not attenuate the airway inflammation upon allergen reexposure. Conclusions: Intranasal liposome-adjuvant CR allergy vaccine containing native AK (Per a 9) is better than L-CRE in attenuating allergic airway inflammation. The findings of this study not only document a more comprehensive and beneficial immune response induced by the refined allergen vaccine but also raise the point that the shift from the Th2 to the Th1 response alone might not correlate with improved airway histopathology, clinical outcome and quality of life.

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“…In newborns, plasma is rich with immune regulatory factors such as adenosine [18,19]. The numbers of antigen-presenting cells (APC) are low, with low basal levels of costimulatory molecules, MHC-II surface expression, and a decreased ability to produce cytokines (particularly IL-12) in response to single TLR stimulation [1,20,21]. Human cord blood CD4+ T cells are enriched in immature Recent Thymic Emigrants and show polarization towards Th2 upon antigen exposure, with low production of Th1 cytokines and a reduced frequency of TFH [1].…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Vaccination: Challenges and Intervention Strategies

Morris

Surendran²

2016

Neonatology

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Background: While vaccines have been tremendously successful in reducing the incidence of serious infectious diseases, newborns remain particularly vulnerable in the first few months of their life to life-threatening infections. A number of challenges exist to neonatal vaccination. However, recent advances in the understanding of neonatal immunology offer insights to overcome many of those challenges. Objective: This review will present an overview of the features of neonatal immunity which make vaccination difficult, survey the mechanisms of action of available vaccine adjuvants with respect to the unique features of neonatal immunity, and propose a possible mechanism contributing to the inability of neonates to generate protective immune responses to vaccines. Methods: We surveyed recent published findings on the challenges to neonatal vaccination and possible intervention strategies including the use of novel vaccine adjuvants to develop efficacious neonatal vaccines. Results: Challenges in the vaccination of neonates include interference from maternal antibody and excessive skewing towards Th2 immunity, which can be counteracted by the use of proper adjuvants. Conclusion: Synergistic stimulation of multiple Toll-like receptors by incorporating well-defined agonist-adjuvant combinations to vaccines is a promising strategy to ensure a protective vaccine response in neonates.

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Adjuvants for allergy vaccines

Cited by 54 publications

References 71 publications

Potential of nanoparticles for allergen-specific immunotherapy – use of silica nanoparticles as vaccination platform

Potential of nanoparticles for allergen-specific immunotherapy – use of silica nanoparticles as vaccination platform

Intranasal, Liposome-Adjuvanted Cockroach Allergy Vaccines Made of Refined Major Allergen and Whole-Body Extract of <b><i>Periplaneta americana</i></b>

Neonatal Vaccination: Challenges and Intervention Strategies

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