Adjuvant and antigenic properties of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Cossu, Davide; Yokoyama, Kazumasa; Sakanishi, Tamami; Momotani, Eiichi

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.01.013

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Groups of C57BL/6 mice were actively immunized with MOG 35-55 peptide emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant modified to contain heat-killed MAP. These groups demonstrated an early disease onset and more severe clinical scores in comparison with classical immunization with complete Freund's adjuvant containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis [19]. These findings indicated the existence of species-specific antigens that recognize distinct pattern recognition receptors.…”

Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Not only human studies, but also new animal experiments, have revealed the adjuvant property of MAP in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of MS characterized by perivascular CD4 + T-cell and mononuclear cell inflammation and subsequent primary demyelination of axonal tracks in the CNS [19]. Groups of C57BL/6 mice were actively immunized with MOG 35-55 peptide emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant modified to contain heat-killed MAP.…”

Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several antigenic components present in the complex mycobacterial cell wall are responsible for Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, which plays an important role in orchestrating proinflammatory and innate immune responses. TLRs are a major driving force for the immune response necessary to develop EAE [19], and it has been shown that MAP components stimulate TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 on immune cells [20]. At present, the interaction of MAP with the innate immune system, as well the role of the receptors involved in its recognition is not yet fully elucidated.…”

Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Sardinia to Japan: Update on the Role of MAP in Multiple Sclerosis

2019

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Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Sardinia to Japan: Update on the Role of MAP in Multiple Sclerosis

2019

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“…Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) could be a foodborne pathogen, because it is discussed in association with several diseases (Cossu et al, 2019; Pierce, 2018; Sechi and Dow, 2015). MAP were found in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, as well as autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (Garvey, 2018), but so far, a causal association has not yet been proven in any of these cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay of primary bovine lymphocytes and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis shows distinctly different proteome changes and immune pathways in host-pathogen interaction

Kleinwort¹,

Hauck

Degroote³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a pathogen causing paratuberculosis in cattle and small ruminants. During the long asymptomatic subclinical stage, high numbers of MAP are excreted and can be transmitted to food, where they survive many of the standard techniques of food decontamination. If these MAP are harmful to the consumers is currently under debate. In general, there is a lack of information regarding interaction of the hosts immune system with MAP.In this study, we tested the interaction of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cattle with MAP in their exoproteomes/secretomes. Because in other mycobacterial infections, the immune phenotype correlates with susceptibility, we additionally tested the interaction of MAP with recently detected immune deviant cows.In PBL, different biological pathways were enhanced in response to MAP dependent on the immune phenotype of the host. PBL of control cows activated members of cell activation and chemotaxis of leukocytes pathway as well as IL-12 mediated signaling. In contrast, in ID cows CNOT1 was detected as highly abundant protein, pointing to a different immune response, which could be favorable for MAP. Additionally, MAP reacted different to the hosts. Their exoproteomes differed in either GroEL1 or DnaK abundance, depending on the interacting immune response.These findings point to an interdependent, tightly regulated response of MAP and the immune system.

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“…These differences may be explained by different types of transmission (M. avium through gut vs. M. bovis through skin) and the higher probability of M. avium to produce an antigen-specific humoral response [96]. In fact, M. avium infection in mice MS models results in early disease onset and more severe disease progression [97]. It is currently unknown through which processes BCG vaccination may interact and alleviate the MS pathophysiology.…”

Section: Vaccines and Risk Of Ms Onset And Ms Relapsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections, Vaccines and Autoimmunity: A Multiple Sclerosis Perspective

et al. 2020

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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that is associated with multiple environmental factors. Among suspected susceptibility events, studies have questioned the potential role of overt viral and bacterial infections, including the Epstein Bar virus (EBV) and human endogenous retroviruses (HERV). Furthermore, the fast development of immunomodulatory therapies further questions the efficacy of the standard immunization policies in MS patients. Topics reviewed: This narrative review will discuss the potential interplay between viral and bacterial infections and their treatment on MS susceptibility and disease progression. In addition, the review specifically discusses the interactions between MS pathophysiology and vaccination for hepatitis B, influenza, human papillomavirus, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DTP), and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Data regarding potential interaction between MS disease modifying treatment (DMT) and vaccine effectiveness is also reviewed. Moreover, HERV-targeted therapies such as GNbAC1 (temelimab), EBV-based vaccines for treatment of MS, and the current state regarding the development of T-cell and DNA vaccination are discussed. Lastly, a reviewing commentary on the recent 2019 American Academy of Neurology (AAN) practice recommendations regarding immunization and vaccine-preventable infections in the settings of MS is provided. Conclusion: There is currently no sufficient evidence to support associations between standard vaccination policies and increased risk of MS. MS patients treated with immunomodulatory therapies may have a lower benefit from viral and bacterial vaccination. Despite their historical underperformance, new efforts in creating MS-based vaccines are currently ongoing. MS vaccination programs follow the set back and slow recovery which is widely seen in other fields of medicine.

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Adjuvant and antigenic properties of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

From Sardinia to Japan: Update on the Role of MAP in Multiple Sclerosis

From Sardinia to Japan: Update on the Role of MAP in Multiple Sclerosis

Interplay of primary bovine lymphocytes and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis shows distinctly different proteome changes and immune pathways in host-pathogen interaction

Infections, Vaccines and Autoimmunity: A Multiple Sclerosis Perspective

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