Adjusting Sample Sizes for Different Categories of Embodied Cognition Research

Skulmowski, Alexander; Rey, Günter Daniel

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02384

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Although Meier et al’s (2007) article has been cited 360 times (according to Google Scholar as of March, 2021), the sample sizes in the experiments were small ( N s = 41, 47, 33, 27, 66, & 55) and there have been few conceptual replications reported in this area (although see Chasteen et al, 2010 & Guan et al, 2020, for two examples). Furthermore, valid concerns have been raised concerning the replicability of CMT and embodied cognition research (Skulmowski & Rey, 2018). For example, there have been reported failures to replicate metaphor and embodied cognition effects on social judgments and in studies involving judgments of other’s traits (e.g., Ashton et al, 2014; Chabris et al, 2019; Siev et al, 2018; but see Hauser & Schwarz, 2020, for a discussion of relevant boundary conditions; also see Giessner & Schubert, 2019, for a successful replication).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

God is up? Replication and extension attempts of Meier et al. (2007).

Meier¹,

Fetterman²,

Hauser³

et al. 2023

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

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Meier et al. (2007) examined relations between the concept of God and the vertical dimension of space. They found that God-related concepts were recognized faster if they were associated with words related to a high location (Study 1) or actually presented in a high location (Study 2). Additionally, participants recalled God-like images as appearing higher than they actually did (Study 3) and judged strangers as having a stronger belief in God if the strangers' images appeared toward the top versus bottom of a computer screen (Studies 4 and 5). Meier et al. (2007) suggested that people use the vertical dimension of space to represent the concept of God. The present investigation attempted to replicate effects from four of these studies using adequately powered designs while also examining potential individual difference moderators. We successfully replicated the effects of Studies 1 and 3, but not Studies 4 or 5. Individual differences related to God beliefs and religiosity did not moderate the findings. The results and a prior successful replication of Meier et al.'s (2007) Study 2 suggest that the concept of God is represented with the vertical dimension of space, but this representation does not appear to impact perceptions of other's traits.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

God is up? Replication and extension attempts of Meier et al. (2007).

Meier¹,

Fetterman²,

Hauser³

et al. 2023

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

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“…Effect sizes for main effects were calculated with partial eta squared (Z 2 p ), ranging from small (> .02) to medium (> .13) to large (> .26) [32]. Given the small effect sizes of motor-language coupling phenomena [1,33] and the adequate power of our sample, post hoc comparisons were performed without correcting for multiple comparisons, thus reducing the likelihood of Type II errors. Effect sizes for pairwise comparisons were calculated through Cohen's d [32], an index that discriminates among small (0-0.20), medium (0.50-0.80), and large (> 0.80) effects [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The embodied typist: Bimanual actions are modulated by words’ implied motility and number of evoked limbs

Rolán,

Sánchez-Borges,

Kogan

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The planning and execution of manual actions can be influenced by concomitant processing of manual action verbs. However, this phenomenon manifests in varied ways throughout the literature, ranging from facilitation to interference effects. Suggestively, stimuli across studies vary randomly in two potentially relevant variables: verb motility and effector quantity (i.e., the amount of movement and the number of hands implied by the word, respectively). Here we examine the role of these factors during keyboard typing, a strategic bimanual task validated in previous works. Forty-one participants read and typed high and low motility items from four categories: bimanual, unimanual, and non-manual action verbs, as well as minimally motoric verbs. Motor planning and execution were captured by first-letter lag (the lapse between word presentation and first keystroke) and whole-word lag (the lapse between the first and last keystroke). We found that verb motility modulated action planning and execution, both stages being delayed by high (relative to low) motility verbs. Effector quantity also influenced both stages, which were facilitated by bimanual verbs relative to unimanual verbs and non-manual verbs (this effect being confined to high motility items during action execution). Accordingly, motor-language coupling effects seem sensitive to words’ implied motility and number of evoked limbs. These findings refine our understanding of how semantics influences bodily movement.

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“…Skulmowski and Rey (2018b) recently suggested a taxonomy for embodiment in educational settings. They distinguish the dimensions “task integration” and “bodily engagement.” The authors argue that if bodily activities are integrated into the learning task and participants perform bodily movements and locomotion (as opposed to a sitting condition), embodiment effects are larger (Skulmowski & Rey, 2018a). Our moving version of the memory tasks definitely required locomotion and bodily movements, but our multimodal stimulus presentation did not maximize the integration of physical activities into the learning strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mavilidi et al (2018) also have proposed a conceptual framework combining the exercise and cognition research with the embodied cognition research into a blended approach. They emphasize gross movements with high intensity, high task relevance (which resembles the dimension “task integration” from Skulmowski & Rey, 2018a), and high temporal connection of the movement and the cognitive task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing Full‐Body Movements in a Verbal Memory Task: Searching for Benefits but Finding Mainly Costs

Amico

Schaefer

2021

Mind Brain and Education

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Studies on "embodiment" show that moving your body can enhance cognition. We investigated such effects in a verbal memory task across age. In Study 1, children, adolescents, and young adults (N = 148) were tested in group sessions and reproduced number series of increasing length. In the "embodied" condition, subjects walked to numbered gymnastic mats. In the "sitting" condition, the numbers were presented visually. All age groups, except the youngest, showed a deterioration of verbal memory performance in the embodied condition compared to sitting. In Study 2, young adults (n = 33, M age = 24.5 years) and children (n = 28, M age = 7.3 years) were tested individually, with smaller target fields. There were no differences in verbal memory performance between the conditions. This indicates that "embodiment" does not always lead to performance enhancements. Instead, moving through space while thinking represents a dual-task situation, causing performance decrements across age.

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Adjusting Sample Sizes for Different Categories of Embodied Cognition Research

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

God is up? Replication and extension attempts of Meier et al. (2007).

God is up? Replication and extension attempts of Meier et al. (2007).

The embodied typist: Bimanual actions are modulated by words’ implied motility and number of evoked limbs

Implementing Full‐Body Movements in a Verbal Memory Task: Searching for Benefits but Finding Mainly Costs

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