Adjusted Spaced Retrieval Training

A literature review of spaced-retrieval interventions: a direct memory intervention for people with dementia

“…One study was classified as level II evidence (Davis et al, 2001), four studies were level III-2 evidence (Cherry et al, 1999;Cherry and Simmons-D'Gerolamo, 2000;2005), two studies were considered to be level III-3 evidence (Hochhalter et al, 2004;2005), and two studies were level IV evidence (Abrahams and Camp, 1993;McKitrick and Camp, 1993). Six studies (one case study; one between-participants design; three withinparticipants design; and one randomized placebocontrolled crossover design) taught participants the names of previously known but forgotten objects (Abrahams and Camp, 1993;Cherry et al, 1999;Cherry and Simmons-D'Gerolamo, 2000;2005;Davis et al, 2001), while two studies used a within-participants design to explore the effectiveness of SR training in teaching participants the names of previously unknown and unfamiliar pills (Hochhalter et al, 2004;2005, Experiment 1). Moreover, McKitrick and Camp (1993) used SR to teach one participant the names of both previously known and unknown objects.…”

<p>Spaced Retrieval and Episodic Memory Training in Alzheimer’s Disease</p>

“…31 Numerous studies have applied SR to semantic memory to help people with AD remember various types of information: the name, face and/or role associations of unfamiliar people and/or personally relevant people (eg, family members and care staff) . ), 25,32,33,19,35,34,36,37,18,21 common personal and household objects, 38,39,40 names of medication, 41,42 and word lists. 43 SR has also been effective in supporting procedural memory in AD, including activities of daily living (ADL) and independent activities of daily living (IADL) such as how to eat safely, 6,22,44,45 everyday multi-step activities, such as using the oven, preparing tea, setting an alarm clock, 46 using mobile devices and managing voicemail, 47 putting things back where they belong, and following a sequence of instructions to guide behaviours.…”

Estudos sobre a produção de discurso em idosos com Doença de Alzheimer em fase inicial

“…Caso haja erros, o pesquisador pode fazer a correção da palavra e o intervalo da tentativa seguinte retrocede ao último intervalo, anterior àquele em que ocorreu o erro (e.g., Jang et al, 2015). Outros estudos testaram os efeitos de intervalos regulares entre as tentativas (e.g., 10s, 10s, 10s...), em comparação com intervalos ajustados (crescentes) (e.g, Balota et al, 2006;Hawley, Cherry, Boudreaux, & Jackson, 2008;Hochhalter, Bakke, Holub, & Overmier, 2004). Os resultados desses estudos comparativos não são uniformes: enquanto alguns não encontram diferenças entre os tipos de intervalo (Balota et al, 2006;Hochhalter, 2004), outros verificaram o melhor desempenho dos idosos em procedimentos com intervalos crescentes (e.g., Hawley et al, 2008 O FO consiste em fornecer ao participante no início da tarefa determinada dica, e ao longo da tarefa, retirar de forma progressiva a dica, até que nenhuma dica seja fornecida (Glisky, Schacter, & Tulving, 1986).…”

“…Outros estudos testaram os efeitos de intervalos regulares entre as tentativas (e.g., 10s, 10s, 10s...), em comparação com intervalos ajustados (crescentes) (e.g, Balota et al, 2006;Hawley, Cherry, Boudreaux, & Jackson, 2008;Hochhalter, Bakke, Holub, & Overmier, 2004). Os resultados desses estudos comparativos não são uniformes: enquanto alguns não encontram diferenças entre os tipos de intervalo (Balota et al, 2006;Hochhalter, 2004), outros verificaram o melhor desempenho dos idosos em procedimentos com intervalos crescentes (e.g., Hawley et al, 2008 O FO consiste em fornecer ao participante no início da tarefa determinada dica, e ao longo da tarefa, retirar de forma progressiva a dica, até que nenhuma dica seja fornecida (Glisky, Schacter, & Tulving, 1986). Estudos de FO com a população idosa com DA tem sido utilizado em tarefas que ensinam ou recuperam informações relacionadas a memória, orientação espacial e atividades de vida diária (Clare et al, 2000;Clare, Wilson, Carter, Roth, & Hodges, 2002;Haslam, Moss, & Hodder, 2010;Mimura & Komatsu, 2010;Provencher, Bier, Audet, & Gagnon, 2008;Thivierge, Simard, Jean, & Grandmaison, 2008).…”