Adjective Check List Scores of Homosexual Men

Evans, Ray B.

doi:10.1080/00223891.1971.10119680

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These findings parallel much prior work that has shown an absence of diagnosable psychopathology in the majority of gay men and lesbians surveyed in convenience-based samples, where volunteers were not selected on the basis of HIV risk (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)17). The fact that the NHSDA is a population-based sample drawn without reference to either sexual orientation or level of psychopathology provides further strong support for the conclusion that homosexual behavior is not usually accompanied by psychiatric disturbance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Relation between Psychiatric Syndromes and Behaviorally Defined Sexual Orientation in a Sample of the US Population

Cochran

Mays

2000

American Journal of Epidemiology

372

270

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Most surveys of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among lesbians and gay men find no increased risk in comparison with heterosexuals. However, the majority of this work has relied on convenience samples drawn from the visible lesbian and gay community. The authors examined differences in 1-year prevalence of six psychiatric syndromes among sexually active individuals in the 1996 National Household Survey of Drug Abuse who reported either exclusive heterosexuality (n = 9,714) or having any same-gender sex partners (n = 194) in the prior year. Although nearly three quarters of homosexually active individuals did not meet criteria for any of the six syndromes assessed, in multivariate logistic regression analyses, homosexually active men were more likely than other men to evidence major depression and panic attack syndromes. In contrast, homosexually active women were more likely than other women to be classified with alcohol or drug dependency syndromes. Both men and women reporting any same-gender sex partners were more likely than others to have used mental health services in the year prior to interview. These findings suggest a small increased risk among homosexually active populations in 1-year psychiatric morbidity and use of mental health care services. Keywords health surveys; homosexuality; mental disorders; psychiatry; substance-related disorders Perspectives on possible relations between homosexuality and psychiatric disorders have changed remarkably over the last half of this century (1). While homosexuality was once viewed as a psychiatric disorder or as a strong indicator of one, beginning in the late 1950s, empirical studies using small, nonclinical samples repeatedly found no elevation in rates of general psychiatric morbidity among lesbians or gay men when they were compared with similar heterosexuals (2-8). More recently, however, research examining psychiatric symptoms among gay men and lesbians has emphasized the role of social stigmatization in creating a chronic social stressor in the lives of many gay men and lesbians (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Over the last decade in particular, research focusing on the possible psychiatric sequelae of social stigmatization and, for gay men, the stress of coping with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, increasingly has found evidence that lesbians and gay men may be at greater-than-expected risk for several stress-related disorders, including drug and/or alcohol abuse (9,(15)(16)(17), suicide attempts during adolescence and young adulthood (18)(19)(20) One or the difficulties in interpreting the body of empirical evidence in this arena is that the majority of the studies carried out to date have used convenience-based samples drawn from the visible lesbian and gay community. As a result, findings may have been distorted by the selection bias inherent in using highly motivated volunteer samples (24). Population-based psychiatric surveys that identify individuals who may differ in terms of sexual orientation are extremely rare. To our...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Relation between Psychiatric Syndromes and Behaviorally Defined Sexual Orientation in a Sample of the US Population

Cochran

Mays

2000

American Journal of Epidemiology

372

270

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“…1999;56:867-874 I N THE 24 YEARS since the declassification of homosexuality as a pathological characteristic by the American Psychiatric Association, physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, school counselors, and others have argued that the experience of being gay-in particular, growing up as an adolescent aware of homosexual feelings in the face of stigmatization and in the absence of social support-may be a risk factor for developing psychopathology. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Studies have reported inconsistent findings of higher lifetime prevalence rates of depressive symptoms, alcohol and other drug abuse, and suicidal behavior in homosexual compared with heterosexual samples. 7 Several researchers have argued that homosexual adolescents are particularly vulnerable to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Orientation and Suicidality

Herrell¹,

Goldberg²,

True³

et al. 1999

Arch Gen Psychiatry

189

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“…As Al-Issa (1987) states, there is a tendency in homosexual gender issues toward gender role reversal. An influential study by Thompson, Schartz, McCandless and Edwards (1973), and similar research by Evans (1971) and Heilbrun and Thompson (1977) found that lesbians scored higher (i.e., more masculine) on the masculinity-femininity scale compared with their 'straight' 2 controls, and gay men were less masculine and sometimes more feminine than controls. Ward (1974;cited in Spence & Helmreich, 1978) also found that lesbians scored higher on masculinity and lower on femininity scales than the control groups.…”

Section: Gender Role and Gender Role Reversalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three functional explanations of the variation of IPD between different kinds of people: i) Communication (Hall, 1959(Hall, , 1963(Hall, , 1966, i.e., the notion that IPD tells another person and onlookers information concerning the nature of the relationship between the individuals (e.g. can distinguish between intimate and public relations, but also closeness can be used to demonstrate affection for another); ii) Self-protection (Dosey & Meisels, 1969;1971), the idea that the greater the individual perceives risk to their emotions, physical being or privacy, the greater the interpersonal distance required to enable escape (Altman, 1975;Edney, Walker & Jordan, 1976); iii) Arousal Regulation (Evans, 1974), i.e., by varying IPD, individuals can control the amount of sensory information they are receiving and avoid sensory overload which can lead to increased arousal and stress.…”

Section: The Concept Of Interpersonal Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of biological sex, sexuality and gender role on interpersonal distance

Uzzell

Horne

2006

British J Social Psychol

106

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Changing cultural and societal attitudes towards homosexuality, gender stereotyping and gender roles in recent decades have prompted this study to re-examine the role of gender in spatial relationships and challenge previous research findings. This research reports on a conceptually and methodologically innovative study which sought to measure the influence of gender on interpersonal distance. Poor operational definitions and inadequate measurement methodologies have been the two principal shortcomings of research on personal space and interpersonal distance over the past 30 years. A new methodologythe Digital Video Recording Interpersonal Distance Method (DiVRID) -involving high quality digital video equipment was devised for measuring interpersonal distance. Furthermore, whereas the distinction male/female has usually been employed for measuring 'sex' differences, this study differentiated between biological sex, gender role and gender identity.The importance of a more sophisticated conceptualization of gender has challenged the results of previous research, demonstrating that gender role accounts for more of the variation of IPD than the conventionally reported gender variable, sex.

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Adjective Check List Scores of Homosexual Men

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Relation between Psychiatric Syndromes and Behaviorally Defined Sexual Orientation in a Sample of the US Population

Relation between Psychiatric Syndromes and Behaviorally Defined Sexual Orientation in a Sample of the US Population

Sexual Orientation and Suicidality

The influence of biological sex, sexuality and gender role on interpersonal distance

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