Adipose Tissue Lipolysis Promotes Exercise-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy Involving the Lipokine C16:1n7-Palmitoleate

Foryst‐Ludwig, Anna; Kreißl, Michael C.; Benz, Verena; Brix, Sarah; Smeir, Elia; Ban, Zsofia; Januszewicz, Elżbieta; Salatzki, Janek; Grune, Jana; Schwanstecher, Anne-Kathrin; Blumrich, Annelie; Schirbel, Andreas; Klopfleisch, Robert; Rothe, Michael; Blume, K. G.; Halle, Martin; Wolfarth, Bernd; Kershaw, Erin E.; Kintscher, Ulrich

doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.645341

Cited by 55 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Palmitoleate is described as a "lipokine" with multiple regulatory roles [27]. The anti-inflammatory effect of palmitoleate was repeatedly documented in several experimental models [27][28][29][30], as was in the stimulation of insulin sensitivity (for review, see [27]). However, the effect on insulin sensitivity has not yet been confirmed in a human study [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization of Macrophages in Human Adipose Tissue is Related to the Fatty Acid Spectrum in Membrane Phospholipids

et al. 2019

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Residential macrophages in adipose tissue play a pivotal role in the development of inflammation not only within this tissue, but also affect the proinflammatory status of the whole body. Data on human adipose tissue inflammation and the role of macrophages are rather scarce. We previously documented that the proportion of proinflammatory macrophages in human adipose tissue correlates closely with non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. We hypothesized that this is due to the identical influence of diet on both parameters and decided to analyze the fatty acid spectrum in cell membrane phospholipids of the same individuals as a parameter of the diet consumed. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages were isolated from human adipose tissue (n = 43) and determined by flow cytometry as CD14+CD16+CD36high and CD14+CD16−CD163+, respectively. The spectrum of fatty acids in phospholipids in the cell membranes of specimens of the same adipose tissue was analyzed, and the proportion of proinflammatory macrophage increased with the proportions of palmitic and palmitoleic acids. Contrariwise, these macrophages decreased with increasing alpha-linolenic acid, total n-3 fatty acids, n-3/n-6 ratio, and eicosatetraenoic acid. A mirror picture was documented for the proportion of anti-inflammatory macrophages. The dietary score, obtained using a food frequency questionnaire, documented a positive relation to proinflammatory macrophages in individuals who consumed predominantly vegetable fat and fish, and individuals who consumed diets based on animal fat without fish and nut consumption. he present data support our hypothesis that macrophage polarization in human visceral adipose tissue is related to fatty acid metabolism, cell membrane composition, and diet consumed. It is suggested that fatty acid metabolism might participate also in inflammation and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization of Macrophages in Human Adipose Tissue is Related to the Fatty Acid Spectrum in Membrane Phospholipids

et al. 2019

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“…If palmitoleate is readily mobilized from peripheral subcutaneous adipose tissue, then its role as a lipokine would be consistent with the insulin-sensitizing action of peripheral fat. Other roles of palmitoleate that suggest that it may be a lipokine are cardiac growth (68), endothelial function (69), inhibition of cell gap junction (70), b cell proliferation (71), prevention of endoplasmic reticulum stress (72), reduction of lipogenesis and FA desaturation in adipocytes (73), and suppression of cytokine production (16). The latest studies suggest that palmitoleate could attenuate inflammation in metabolically active tissues.…”

Section: Is Palmitoleate a Lipokine?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease

Frigolet

Gutiérrez-Aguilar

2017

Advances in Nutrition

170

128

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The monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleate (palmitoleic acid) is one of the most abundant fatty acids in serum and tissues, particularly adipose tissue and liver. Its endogenous production by stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gives rise to its cis isoform, cis-palmitoleate. Although trans-palmitoleate is also synthesized in humans, it is mainly found as an exogenous source in ruminant fat and dairy products. Recently, palmitoleate was considered to be a lipokine based on evidence demonstrating its release from adipose tissue and its metabolic effects on distant organs. After this finding, research has been performed to determine whether palmitoleate has beneficial effects on metabolism and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Thus, the aim of this work was to review the current status of knowledge about palmitoleate, its metabolism, and its influence on metabolic abnormalities. Results have shown mixed cardiovascular effects, direct or inverse correlations with obesity, and hepatosteatosis, but a significant amelioration or prevention of insulin resistance and diabetes. Finally, the induction of palmitoleate release from adipose tissue, dietary intake, and its supplementation are all interventions with a potential impact on certain metabolic diseases. Adv Nutr 2017;8(Suppl):173S-81S.

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“…In the early stage of OA, the high expression level of LEP may promote the phosphorylation of AKT [43], increasing bone remodeling via triggering the downstream signaling pathway. Prior studies have shown that skeletal muscle dysfunction and decline in mobility are associated with the PNPLA2/ATGL pathway [44]. LIPE is in white adipose tissue of retinyl ester hydrolase; LIPE-null mice have shown decreased levels of retinaldehyde, retinol and all-trans RA as well as increased levels of retinyl esters [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Key Genes and Pathways Associated with Differences of Subchondral Bone in Osteoarthritis

Zhang¹,

Yu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disease worldwide. Subchondral bone is an important pathological change in OA and responds more rapidly to adverse loading and events compared to cartilage. However, the pathogenic genes and pathways of subchondral bone are largely unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify signature differences in genes involved in knee lateral tibial (LT) and medial tibial (MT) plateaus of subchondral bone tissue while exploring their potential molecular mechanisms via bioinformatics analysis.MethodsFirst, the gene expression data of GSE51588 was downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between knee LT and MT were identified, and functional enrichment analyses were performed. Then, a protein-protein interactive network was constructed in order to acquire the hub genes, and modules analysis was conducted using STRING and Cytoscape for further analysis. The enriched hub genes were queried in DGIdb database to find suitable drug candidates in OA.ResultsA total of 202 DEGs (112 upregulated genes and 84 downregulated genes) were determined. In the PPI network, ten hub genes were identified. Five significant modules were identified using the MCODE plugin unit. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the most important signaling pathways. Six of the ten hub genes were targetable by a total of 35 drugs, suggesting their possible therapeutic use for OA .ConclusionsThe identified hub genes and functional enrichment pathways were implicated in the development and progression of subchondral bone in OA, thus improving our understanding of OA and offering molecular targets for future therapeutic modalities.

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Adipose Tissue Lipolysis Promotes Exercise-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy Involving the Lipokine C16:1n7-Palmitoleate

Cited by 55 publications

References 37 publications

Polarization of Macrophages in Human Adipose Tissue is Related to the Fatty Acid Spectrum in Membrane Phospholipids

Polarization of Macrophages in Human Adipose Tissue is Related to the Fatty Acid Spectrum in Membrane Phospholipids

The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease

Identification of Key Genes and Pathways Associated with Differences of Subchondral Bone in Osteoarthritis

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