Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity

Kawai, Tatsuo; Autieri, Michael V.; Scalia, Rosario

doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00379.2020

Cited by 762 publications

(607 citation statements)

References 244 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

414

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Both physical stress and chronic inflammation could be underlying the association between high BMI and height loss. High BMI is known to be associated with chronic inflammation [ 30 ]. A previous study reported that inflammation may play an important role in the etiology of fractures in men [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemoglobin and adult height loss among Japanese workers: A retrospective study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Height loss starting in middle age is reported to be associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality later in life. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Hypoxia and oxidative stress, which are known causes of cardiovascular disease, could be reduced by hemoglobin. Therefore, hemoglobin could be inversely associated with height loss. However, high body mass index (BMI) is a known risk factor for intervertebral disc disorder, a known cause of height loss in adults. High BMI might confound the association between hemoglobin and height loss. Therefore, we performed analyses stratified by BMI status. To clarify the association between hemoglobin and height loss, we conducted a retrospective study of Japanese workers (6,471 men and 3,180 women) aged 40–74 years. Height loss was defined as being in the highest quintile of height decrease per year. In men overall and men with BMI <25 kg/m2, hemoglobin was significantly inversely associated with height loss; but no association was observed for men with high BMI (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) and for women. For men, after adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for height loss with each 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in hemoglobin (1.0 g/dL for men and 0.8g/dL for women) were 0.89 (0.83, 0.95) for men overall, 0.82 (0.75, 0.89) for men who do not have high BMI, and 1.01 (0.92, 1.12) for men with high BMI. For women, the corresponding values were 0.97 (0.89, 1.06), 0.98 (0.89, 1.09), and 0.93 (0.75, 1.15) respectively. Hemoglobin is significantly inversely associated with height loss in men who do not have high BMI, but not in men with high BMI or women. These results help clarify the mechanisms underlying height loss, which has been reported to be associated with a higher risk of mortality in adults.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemoglobin and adult height loss among Japanese workers: A retrospective study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the participation of the immune system and the development of low-grade chronic inflammatory syndrome with this pathology has been evidenced. The role of systemic inflammation with obesity, especially with its abdominal type, is aslo demonstrated [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome associated with obesity

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Investigation of the mechanisms promoting the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in obese patients is one of the most important issues of modern medicine. We examined 97 patients suffering from IBS. The group of comparison included 10 individuals with obesity. The control group included 21 practically healthy individuals. The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood serum, tumor necrosis factor-α (TFNα), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), 8-isoprostane (IP), ceruloplasmin (CP) were examined. Endotoxicosis intensity was identified by the content of average molecular peptides in the blood and the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) test. In the case of IBS with prevailing diarrhea, especially its comorbid course with obesity, cytokine imbalance was observed, which was manifested by a decreased amount of IL-10 in the blood serum and increased levels of TNFα and TGFβ1. Patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome with prevailing diarrhea associated with obesity were characterized by high levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and average molecules, increased content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TFNα and TGFβ1) with a decreased content of IL-10, as well as imbalance of the pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant blood systems (increased content of 8-isoprostane and ceruloplasmin).

show abstract

“…Uncontrolled accumulation of adipose tissue occurring in obesity leads to the onset of a whole series of metabolic syndrome and pathological conditions [9]. In addition, the establishment of a state of chronic low-grade inflammation induces the infiltration of bone marrow-derived immune cells, negatively impacting organ function [41]. Our results showed a reduced number of mature adipocytes when ADSCs were cultured in the presence of vitamin D, or metformin, or both (Figure 1), despite the presence of the adipogenic conditioned media, as compared to cells exposed to MD alone, showing the typical morphology of mature adipocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin and Vitamin D Modulate Inflammation and Autophagy during Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation

Cruciani

Garroni

Pala

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) came out from the regenerative medicine landscape for their ability to differentiate into several phenotypes, contributing to tissue regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. Dysregulation in stem cell recruitment and differentiation during adipogenesis is linked to a chronic low-grade inflammation and macrophage infiltration inside the adipose tissue, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and obesity. In the present paper we aimed to evaluate the role of metformin and vitamin D, alone or in combination, in modulating inflammation and autophagy in ADSCs during adipogenic commitment. ADSCs were cultured for 21 days in the presence of a specific adipogenic differentiation medium, together with metformin, or vitamin D, or both. We then analyzed the expression of FoxO1 and Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α by ELISA. Autophagy was also assessed by specific Western blot analysis of ATG12, LC3B I, and LC3B II expression. Our results showed the ability of the conditioned media to modulate adipogenic differentiation, finely tuning the inflammatory response and autophagy. We observed a modulation in HSP mRNA levels, and a significant downregulation in cytokine secretion. Taken together, our findings suggest the possible application of these molecules in clinical practice to counteract uncontrolled lipogenesis and prevent obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders.

show abstract

Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity

Cited by 762 publications

References 244 publications

Hemoglobin and adult height loss among Japanese workers: A retrospective study

Hemoglobin and adult height loss among Japanese workers: A retrospective study

Systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome associated with obesity

Metformin and Vitamin D Modulate Inflammation and Autophagy during Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About