Adipose Tissue Fat Accumulation Is Reduced by a Single Intraperitoneal Injection of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Agonist When Given to Newly Hatched Chicks

Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a transcription factor that regulates adipocyte differentiation and modulates lipid metabolism in mammals. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the administration of PPARgamma ligands, adipogenic cocktail, or both to newly hatched chicks regulates adipocyte differentiation in vivo and modulates fat deposition in growing broiler chickens. Levels of PPARgamma, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha, and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein mRNA in the abdominal fat pad of 7-d-old broiler chicks given a single intraperitoneal dose of troglitazone, a synthetic PPARgamma ligand, at 1 d old were significantly greater than those in control chickens. This suggests administration of troglitazone enhanced adipocyte differentiation in vivo. Adipose tissue weight in 28-d-old chickens similarly administered triolein emulsion containing troglitazone or adipogenic cocktail (i.e., dexamethasone, insulin, isobutyl-methylxanthine, and oleic acid) was also significantly less than that of control chickens. However, there was no significant difference in BW between treated and control chickens. Although BW and carcass composition were not different between troglitazone-treated and control chickens, at 48 d of age abdominal fat pad weight and feed intake were significantly decreased in chickens treated with troglitazone compared with controls. These results demonstrate that a single intraperitoneal injection of troglitazone to newly hatched chicks reduces fat deposition in mature broiler chickens.

Childhood Obesity and Environmental Chemicals

“…Similarly, pubertal exposure to rosiglitazone increased brown and white adipose tissue mass of rats 166. Adult chickens exposed to troglitazone also had increased fat mass; however, when the troglitazone exposure was confined to their first day of life, they had significantly less fat‐pad mass and ate less at 1 and 2 months of age 167. Consistent with this developmental finding, rats exposed to englitazone during late gestation gave birth to smaller pups 168…”

Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid, Fish Oil and Soybean Oil on PPARs (α & γ) mRNA Expression in Broiler Chickens and Their Relation to Body Fat Deposits

“…It seems that PPARγ is involved in the regulation of both the hyperplasia of adipocytes and hypertrophic growth in broiler chickens and that the up-regulation of PPARγ in the hyperplasia step of adipose tissue markedly modulates fatness in broiler chickens [39]. …”

Effects of oleic acid and chicken serum on the expression of adipogenic transcription factors and adipogenic differentiation in hen preadipocytes

“…However, we found no significant differences in PPARg expression between DMIOA treated and non-treated control cells across at all time-points. Considering the age and sex differences between the donor birds in previous experiments (Sato et al, 2008(Sato et al, , 2009a(Sato et al, , 2009bYua et al, 2012) and this study, we hypothesise that the disparity between these experimental outcomes is attributed to the differences in age, sex and species of the donor birds, or the passage number of the cells, but further investigation is needed.…”