Adipose tissue compartments, muscle mass, muscle fat infiltration, and coronary calcium in institutionalized frail nonagenarians

Idoate, Fernando; Cadore, Eduardo Lusa; Casas‐Herrero, Álvaro; Zambom-Ferraresi, Fabrício; Marcellán, Teresa; Gordoa, Ana Ruiz de; Rodríguez‐Mañas, Leocadio; Bastarrika, Gorka; Marques, Mário C.; Martínez‐Velilla, Nicolás; Vicente-Campos, Davinia; Izquierdo, Mikel

doi:10.1007/s00330-014-3555-5

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Only one study to date has evaluated associations between frailty and CAC. 35 That was a small study of 42 institutionalized elderly adults (29 frail and 13 non-frail), and demonstrated no differences in CAC between frailty-defined groups. However, our study adds to existing literature by focusing on non-institutionalized adults in a larger community sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Frailty and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS)

et al. 2017

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Background and aims Frailty and cardiovascular disease share many risk factors. We evaluated whether frailty is independently associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis and whether any relationships differ by HIV-serostatus. Methods We studied 976 [62% HIV-infected] male participants of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study who underwent assessment of frailty and non-contrast cardiac CT scanning; of these, 747 men also underwent coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Frailty was defined as having ≥3 of 5 of the following: weakness, slowness, weight loss, exhaustion, and low physical activity. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) was assessed by non-contrast CT, and total plaque score (TPS), mixed plaque score (MPS), and non-calcified plaque score (NCPS) by CCTA. Multivariable-adjusted regression was used to assess the cross-sectional associations between frailty and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Results Mean (SD) age of participants was 54 (7) years; 31% were black. Frailty existed in 7.5% and 14.3% of HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected men, respectively. After adjustment for demographics, frailty was significantly associated with prevalence of any CAC (CAC>0), any plaque (TPS>0), and mixed plaque (MPS>0) in HIV-uninfected but not in HIV-infected men (p-interaction_HIV<0.05 for all). Among HIV-uninfected men, after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, frailty was significantly associated only with CAC>0 [Prevalence Ratio 1.27 (95%CI 1.02, 1.59)] and TPS>0 [1.19 (1.06, 1.35)]. No association was found for NCPS. Conclusions Frailty was independently associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis among HIV-uninfected men, but not among HIV-infected men. Further work is needed to ascertain mechanisms underlying these differences and whether interventions that improve frailty (i.e. strength training) can improve cardiovascular outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Frailty and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS)

et al. 2017

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“…Although visceral fat is associated with worse metabolic phenotypes in younger individuals, the maintenance of adipose tissue seems to be beneficial in old age, sometimes independently of its location. For example, one study found that elderly individuals classified as “robust” according to their functional status had increased visceral and pericardial adipose tissue, normally considered to be sites of ectopic lipid deposition, compared to their “frail” counterparts (Idoate and others 2015). However, increased waist diameter was associated with the highest frailty within each BMI category in another study, indicating that adipose distribution favoring visceral adipose is still harmful when normalized for total adipose tissue (Hubbard and others 2010).…”

Section: Age-related Changes In Adipose Tissue Composition and Funmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and adipose tissue: potential interventions for diabetes and regenerative medicine

Palmer

Kirkland

2016

Experimental Gerontology

251

219

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Adipose tissue dysfunction occurs with aging and has systemic effects, including peripheral insulin resistance, ectopic lipid deposition, and inflammation. Fundamental aging mechanisms, including cellular senescence and progenitor cell dysfunction, occur in adipose tissue with aging and may serve as potential therapeutic targets in age-related disease. In this review, we examine the role of adipose tissue in healthy individuals and explore how aging leads to adipose tissue dysfunction, redistribution, and changes in gene regulation. Adipose tissue plays a central role in longevity, and interventions restricted to adipose tissue may impact lifespan. Conversely, obesity may represent a state of accelerated aging. We discuss the potential therapeutic potential of targeting basic aging mechanisms, including cellular senescence, in adipose tissue, using type II diabetes and regenerative medicine as examples. We make the case that aging should not be neglected in the study of adipose-derived stem cells for regenerative medicine strategies, as elderly patients make up a large portion of individuals in need of such therapies.

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“…In another study [32], abdominal fat was assessed at the umbilical level with cut off values of −190 to −30 HU at the level of L 4 . In the most recent studies, Idoate et al [33] adopted the aforementioned range and measured adipose tissue at the level of L 2 -L 3 and L 4 -L 5 , and Tong et al [34] concluded that T 12 -L 1 and L 3 -L 4 are the appropriate sites for subcutaneous and visceral fat area measurements, respectively. Moreover, Yip et al [35] evaluated body composition changes due to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with oesophageal cancer by making measurements at the level of L 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Abdominal fat volume estimation by stereology on CT: a comparison with manual planimetry

et al. 2015

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Adipose tissue compartments, muscle mass, muscle fat infiltration, and coronary calcium in institutionalized frail nonagenarians

Abstract: • Robust nonagenarians presented more pericardial and abdominal AT volume than frail. • Frailty is associated with lower muscle size and high-density muscle tissue. • Muscle-fat infiltration shares analogous pattern of visceral and pericardial AT distribution.

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

Frailty and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS)

Frailty and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS)

Aging and adipose tissue: potential interventions for diabetes and regenerative medicine

Abdominal fat volume estimation by stereology on CT: a comparison with manual planimetry

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