Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells and Mineralized Extracellular Matrix Delivery by a Human Decellularized Amniotic Membrane in Periodontal Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Periodontitis is a prevalent disease characterized by the loss of periodontal supporting tissues, bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum. The application of a bone tissue engineering strategy with Decellularized Human Amniotic Membrane (DAM) with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) has shown to be convenient and valuable. This study aims to investigate the treatments of a rat periodontal furcation defect model with DAM, ASCs, and a mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM). Rat ASCs were expanded, cultivated on DAM, and with a bone differentiation medium for four weeks, deposited ECM on DAM. Periodontal healing for four weeks was evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histological analysis after treatments with DAM, ASCs, and ECM and compared to untreated defects on five consecutive horizontal levels, from gingival to apical. The results demonstrate that DAM preserves its structure during cultivation and healing periods, supporting cell attachment, permeation, bone deposition on DAM, and periodontal regeneration. DAM and DAM+ASCs enhance bone healing compared to the control on the gingival level. In conclusion, DAM with ASC or without cells and the ECM ensures bone tissue healing. The membrane supported neovascularization and promoted osteoconduction.

Laser Ablated Albumin Functionalized Spherical Gold Nanoparticles Indicated for Stem Cell Tracking

“…The effect of AuNPs sterilization [ 56 ] and incubation with different cell types has been verified and reported by various studies [ 10 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 34 , 49 , 50 , 57 ]. The demonstrated ASCs great potential for cell transplant in bone tissue engineering, with the recognized osteogenic effect by nanoparticles and nanostructured scaffold materials [ 58 ], have already being translated into clinical treatments of mandibular and cranial bone defect [ 59 , 60 ].…”

“…Gold nanoparticles can be synthesized through various methods, biological, physical, and chemical synthesis techniques [ 19 , 20 ]. Many studies with AuNPs have used particles prepared through chemical synthesis [ 10 , 13 , 15 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. However, authors have suggested the necessity of reducing some chemical components to guarantee stability to the particles, lower cell viability impairment [ 28 ], and lower cytotoxicity [ 26 , 32 ].…”

“…Surface modifications of functionalized AuNPs present an impact on their cellular uptake, as cell-penetrating peptides increase NPs internalization [ 15 , 46 ], and their biomedical application [ 14 , 15 ]. Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) has been used to enhance the biocompatibility of AuNPs, due to high binding affinity to gold nanoparticles, and broad pH stability [ 26 , 34 ].…”

Lyophilised amniotic membrane in intraoral surgical defects: A prospective clinical study

“…Recent studies have reported encouraging results of AM in temporomandibular joint arthroplasty, bone regeneration, tissue engineering, and cell therapy of cancer. [ 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 ] In our literature search, we have noticed that only a few comparative studies have reported the use of AM with local flaps or autografts in intraoral surgical defects. [ 35 35 36 37 38 ] Mostafa et al .…”

Membrane Systems for Biomedical Engineering

“…In the study conducted by Dziedzic et al [ 3 ], a decellularized human amniotic membrane (DAM) for application in bone tissue engineering was evaluated. A new strategy of grafting the bone and periodontal lesion area with an amniotic membrane, adipose-derived stromal cells, and a mineralized extracellular matrix was investigated with the aim of stimulating bone deposition in a defect on a rodent model.…”