Adipose‐derived stem cells attenuate atopic dermatitis‐like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice

Abstract

There is an unmet need in novel therapeutics for atopic dermatitis (AD). We examined the effects of autologous adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) on AD‐like skin lesions induced by the application of 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in NC/Nga mice. Autologous ADSCs and ADSC‐conditioned medium (ADSC‐CM) were injected intralesionally three times. Clinical severity and histopathologic findings were compared in sham naïve control, saline‐treated, ADSC‐treated, ADSC‐CM‐treated and 2.5% cortisone lotion‐applied animals. The severity index, skin thickness, mast cell number, as well as expression levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin, CD45, chemoattractant receptor‐homologous molecule, chemokine ligand 9 and chemokine ligand 20 were significantly lower in mice treated with ADSC, ADSC‐CM, or 2.5% cortisone lotion. Tissue levels of interferon‐γ as well as serum levels of interleukin‐33 and immunoglobulin E levels were also decreased in those groups. We conclude that autologous ADSCs improved DNCB‐induced AD‐like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by reducing inflammation associated with Th2 immune response and interferon‐γ.

More than just bricks and mortar: Fibroblasts and ECM in skin health and disease

“…Closely related to the skin fibroblast lineage is the dWAT lineage, consisting of lipid‐laden adipocytes and their fibroblast‐like progenitors 44,45 . dWAT plays numerous roles in skin, including hair growth modulation 46–48 and innate immunity 49,50 . The study by Zhang et al 51 in this issue shows that dermal adipocytes can also prominently regulate ECM‐making activity by adjacent reticular fibroblasts.…”

“…44,45 dWAT plays numerous roles in skin, including hair growth modulation [46][47][48] and innate immunity. 49,50 The study by Zhang et al 51 in this issue shows that dermal adipocytes can also prominently reg- While our understanding of dermal ECM composition and biochemistry and of skin fibroblast heterogeneity has grown substantially just over the past few years (Figure 1), many important questions await to be solved for this knowledge to be translated towards therapeutic applications for skin disorders. With regards to dermal ECM, we still need to better understand how fibroblasts and other skin-resident cells jointly orchestrate the complex task of ECM constituent secretion, their posttranslational modifications and assembly.…”

Recent progress at the psoriasis and atopic dermatitis research front: An experimental dermatology perspective

“…found that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from psoriatic dermis are more potent than MSCs isolated from normal dermis in stimulating proliferative and inflammatory keratinocyte responses, but induce keratinocyte apoptosis more weakly. In another study, autologous ADSC transplantation and ADSC‐conditioned medium (ADSC‐CM) treatment improve DNCB‐induced AD‐like skin lesions by reducing Th2 and Th1‐mediated inflammatory immune response 64 . These studies suggest that the mesenchymal cells, including MSCs and/or ADSCs, may play a critical anti‐inflammatory role in the skin, and dysregulation of these mesenchymal cell types may contribute to disease pathogenesis.…”

Adipose-derived stem cells ameliorate atopic dermatitis by suppressing the IL-17 expression of Th17 cells in an ovalbumin-induced mouse model

“…In particular, adipose tissue can be readily obtained through liposuction with a small incision, and ADSCs can be isolated in large amounts via relatively simple procedures. In the previous decade, several preclinical studies reported the use of ADSCs to treat AD [20][21][22], with these studies demonstrating ADSC-based cytotherapy as a promising method for AD treatment according to therapeutic mechanisms mainly attributed to the paracrine effect of the administered cells. Despite the encouraging results, these studies failed to comprehensively analyze the complex pathogenesis of AD and the mechanism of interaction between MSCs and AD pathogenesis-related immune cells.…”