Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells Promote Tendon-Bone Healing in a Rabbit Model

Abstract

4 5Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived regenerative cell (ADRC) 6 administration on tendon-bone healing in a rabbit ACL reconstruction model. 7Methods: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with semitendinosus tendon autograft 8 was performed on the right knees of adult white rabbits. Eighty rabbits were divided into 2 groups: 9 a treatment group, in which the graft was coated with ADRCs mixed in fibrin glue carrier during 10 surgery, and a control group, in which the graft was coated with fibrin glue only. At 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 11 weeks postoperatively, 8 rabbits were sacrificed in each group. Three were used for histological 12 evaluation at the tendon-bone interface, and 5 for biomechanical examination. 13Results: In histological analysis, chondroid cells appeared more orderly and more regular in size 14 and shape, and Sharpey-like fibers, which connected the tendon graft and bone tissue, appeared 15 earlier in ADRC-treated tissues than in control tissues. In biomechanical analysis, the ultimate 16 failure load in the ADRC-treated group was significantly greater than that in the control group at 2 17 and 4 weeks (29.5 ± 7.2 N vs. 20.9 ± 2.7 N; P = .016 and 32.3 ± 3.9 N vs 22.8 ± 5.4 N; P = .016, 18 respectively). Stiffness was significantly higher in the ADRC-treated group than in the control 19 group at 6 weeks (21.7 ± 5.9 N/mm vs. 12.6 ± 4.9 N/mm; P = .037). Although the ultimate failure 20 load and stiffness of the ADRC-treated limb was higher than that of the limb in the control group at 21 8 and 12 weeks, these differences were not significant. 22Conclusions: Local administration of ADRCs promoted the early healing process at the tendon-bone 23 junction, both histologically and mechanically, in the rabbit ACL reconstruction model. 24Clinical Relevance: ADRCs could be used to enhance graft healing in ACL reconstruction. 25 26

Intra‐articular autologous uncultured adipose‐derived stromal cell transplantation inhibited the progression of cartilage degeneration

“…UADSCs were isolated by a previously established method . Adipose tissues (1.5 g) of male rabbits were harvested from the adipose tissue pouch in the interscapular region located along the dorsomedial line, nearly 5 cm from the skull in the craniocaudal direction.…”

“…UADSCs were isolated by a previously established method. 14,25 Adipose tissues (1.5 g) of male rabbits were harvested from the adipose tissue pouch in the interscapular region located along the dorsomedial line, nearly 5 cm from the skull in the craniocaudal direction. Subsequently, the tissue was washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution (Wako, Osaka, Japan) and cut into strips over a period of 5 min.…”

Adipose Stem Cells Incorporated in Fibrin Clot Modulate Expression of Growth Factors

“…Efforts for this type of augmentation include the use of fibrin clots, platelet-rich plasma, synthetic scaffolds, and stem cells in the effort to increase localized production of beneficial growth factors. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Fibrin clots can be formed from peripheral blood and comprise a fibrin meshwork that can capture and contain platelets, act as a reservoir for cells, growth factors, and other bioactive factors, and provide an effective delivery system for cells. 10,11 Fibrin clots have been shown to enhance the surgical repair of tissue with poor healing capacity.…”

Effects of autologous adipose-derived regenerative stem cells administered at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on knee function and graft healing

“…Previous research using ADRC in ACL reconstruction has mainly involved animal studies. [29][30][31] Teuschl et al compared the degradation and regeneration potential (ligamentization) of ACL reconstruction with degradable silk fiber-based scaffold with or without ADRC in sheep. 29 Despite the authors observed better histological characteristics 6 months after surgery in the cell-seeded scaffold, there were no significant between-group differences in silk fiber degradation and tissue regeneration at 12 months.…”