Adipose Depletion and Apoptosis Induced by Trans‐10, Cis‐12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Mice*

Abstract

depletion and apoptosis induced by trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid in mice. Obes Res. 2002;10:1284 -1290. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer mixture (mCLA) with each main isomer [trans-10,cis-12 CLA (CLA10,12) and cis-9,trans-11 CLA (CLA9,11)] in causing body lipid loss and adipose tissue apoptosis. Research Methods and Procedures: Mice selected over 16 generations for high (MH) or low (ML) energy expenditure and a control group (MC) were fed diets containing either soy oil or soy oil plus mCLA, CLA10,12, or CLA9,11 for 5 days in one study and 14 days in a second study. Results: Mice fed mCLA or CLA10,12 had less body lipid (p Ͻ 0.05), smaller retroperitoneal fat pads (p Ͻ 0.05), and ate less (p Ͻ 0.01) than mice fed no CLA or CLA9,11 for 5 days. Mice consuming 1% mCLA or 0.5% CLA10,12 gained less weight (p Ͻ 0.01) and had less body lipid (p Ͻ 0.05) and smaller epididymal (p Ͻ 0.05) and retroperitoneal fat pads (p Ͻ 0.01) than mice consuming either control or 0.5% CLA9,11-containing diets for 14 days. Only mCLA and CLA10,12 increased apoptosis in retroperitoneal fat pads (p Ͻ 0.01). The effects of mCLA and CLA10,12 were independent of genetic line except for the effect on adipocyte apoptosis. Mice of the MH line were slightly less sensitive than MC or ML mice to CLA-induced adipose tissue apoptosis. Discussion: CLA10,12, but not CLA9,11, can induce both body fat loss and adipose apoptosis. Although mice of a genotype with less body fat and greater metabolic rate and feed intake appear less sensitive, these CLA effects are robust for mice of varying metabolic background.

Vitamin A supplementation induces adipose tissue loss through apoptosis in lean but not in obese rats of the WNIN/Ob strain

“…Further, recent studies substantiate the concept that adipocyte deletion by apoptosis is a significant contributor to the regulation of adipose tissue mass and its loss during weight reduction (Della-Fera et al 2001, Hargrave et al 2002, Fischer-Posovszky et al 2004, Kim et al 2004, Sun & Zemel 2004. Our retroperitoneal adipose tissue cell density data clearly showed that chronic vitamin A challenging through diet had no impact on cell size.…”

“…Apoptosis has been described both in WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT) (Prins et al 1994). Several studies have demonstrated in vitro and in vivo adipocyte apoptosis under various conditions such as growth factor deprivation, dietary conjugated linoleic acid supplementation and streptozotocin administration , Loftus et al 1998, Miner et al 2001, Hargrave et al 2002. Even in patients with malignancy-associated weight loss, apoptosis is detected in abdominal, subcutaneous and omental fat (Prins et al 1994).…”

Review Article: Herbal Approach for Obesity Management

“…phytochemicals, such as esculetin, resveratrol, quercetin, genistein, capsaicin, and conjugated linoleic acids induced apoptosis of maturing 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through suppression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, activation of the mitochondrial pathway, AMPK activation, or anti-oxidant activity [51][52][53][54][55]. Sirtuin 1 is another target molecule for anti-obesity treatment.…”

Maintenance of adiponectin attenuates insulin resistance induced by dietary conjugated linoleic acid in mice

“…It is well established that cis 9,trans11 (c 9t11)-CLA and trans 10,cis 12 (t10c12-CLA) have unique effects on lipid metabolism (12), and it is the t10c12-CLA isomer that is mainly associated with decreases in body fat in experimental rodent models (13)(14)(15)(16) as well as in some but not all human studies (17)(18)(19), independently of energy intake (20).…”