Adiponectin is independently associated with glycosylated haemoglobin

Abstract

Background: In humans, adiponectin has been demonstrated to circulate in inverse proportion to the degree of insulin resistance. Objective: To investigate the association between adiponectin and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) in a population-based study. Design and methods: Two hundred and ninety-seven individuals aged 30 -75 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. They included patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and stable, good metabolic control (n ¼ 32) and individuals with glucose intolerance (n ¼ 54). Adiponectin was measured using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (intra-assay and interassay coefficients of variation 3.3 and 7.4% respectively). Results: Adiponectin correlated with age (r ¼ 0.161; P ¼ 0.006), body mass index (r ¼ 2 0.197; P ¼ 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (r ¼ 2 0.181; P ¼ 0.005), fasting glucose and HbA 1c (r ¼ 2 0.251 and r ¼ 20.22 respectively; P , 0.0001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r ¼ 0.442; P , 0.001) and serum triglycerides (r ¼ 2 362; P , 0.001). In multiple regression analysis, sex, age, fasting and post-load glucose, and adiponectin independently contributed to 40% of the variance in HbA 1c . Among individuals with normal glucose tolerance, fasting glucose (P ¼ 0.0033), post-load glucose (P ¼ 0.0015), age (P ¼ 0.001) and adiponectin (P ¼ 0.0083) independently contributed to 21% of the variance in HbA 1c . Conclusion: Adiponectin is significantly associated with altered glucose metabolism and independently contributes to the variance of HbA 1c in a population-based manner.

Adiponectin may play a part in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy

“…Experimental studies have shown that adiponectin reduces the plasma concentrations of free fatty acids and triglycerides and improves insulin resistance (19). Because adiponectin possesses anti-inflammatory properties and improves glucose tolerance, hypoadiponectinaemia has been suggested to be a contributor to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its vascular complications (20,21). The major finding in the present study was that fasting plasma concentrations of adiponectin were decreased in diabetic patients, proportionate to the severity of retinopathy.…”

The development of microalbuminuria is associated with raised longitudinal adiponectin levels in female but not male adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes

“…Previous cross-sectional studies in adults with type 1 diabetes have shown a variable relationship between adiponectin levels and glycaemic control, with a negative [1], a positive [11] or no correlation at all [13]. In these studies, differences between the sexes were either not found or not reported.…”

“…In the general population, the adipocytokine adiponectin is negatively associated with visceral adiposity, fasting glucose levels and insulin resistance [1][2][3]. Low levels precede a decrease in insulin sensitivity [4] and are associated with obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease [5].…”

Impact of Overweight on Chronic Microvascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

“…Adiponectin levels correlate negatively with visceral and subcutaneous fat areas (25). We and others observed that adiponectin values were higher in women than in men (26) and correlated negatively with BMI (26,27), waist-to-hip ratio, and plasma triglycerides (25,27) but positively with HDL cholesterol (25,27) and A1C (27). In contrast to reports of patients with type 2 diabetes (25,28), we could not observe lower adiponectin concentrations in patients with diabetic retinopathy than in patients without diabetic retinopathy.…”