Adiponectin increases insulin content and cell proliferation in MIN6 cells via PPARγ‐dependent and PPARγ‐independent mechanisms

Abstract

Our results identify novel roles for the adipokine, adiponectin, in β-cells function. Adiponectin upregulates PPARγ expression, insulin content and insulin secretion through PPARγ-dependent mechanisms. Reductions in circulating adiponectin levels in obese individuals could therefore result in negative effects on β-cell function and this may have direct relevance to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.

Therapeutic effects of globular adiponectin in diabetic rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

“…Therefore, gAd may protect the liver from lipid accumulation by increasing insulin secretion and mediating glucolipid metabolism. Rao et al [18] suggested that adiponectin can increase insulin secretion, which was in agreement with our findings. Additionally, evidence has shown that gAd potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion in both human pancreatic islets and rat beta cells via an AMPK-independent pathway [19] .…”

Adiponectin as a tissue regenerating hormone: more than a metabolic function

“…In addition, it would be interesting to know if the anti-diabetic effect of adiponectin may also be involved in tissue preservation. Some data suggest that adiponectin regulates pancreatic cell growth [91]. In regards to this, we could wonder if adiponectin is involved in the preservation of integrity and functionality of the pancreas.…”

Interactions between adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues and serum, and correlations with clinical and peripheral metabolic factors

“…Adipose tissue is not only a site of energy storage [24], it is also a highly active and dynamic endocrine organ that synthesizes and secretes several adipose tissue hormones or adipokines including leptin, cytokines, adiponectin, complement components, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, proteins of the renin-angiotensin system, and resistin [24]. Among these adipokines, adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin have previously been shown to be involved in obesity Infusion of adiponectin into the blood stream has been shown to decrease blood glucose levels and increase insulin sensitivity [7,34]. In hepatocytes, adiponectin decreases gluconeogenesis [49] and it increases fatty acid oxidation in both skeletal muscle [47] and hepatocytes [43].…”