Adiponectin and Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Obesity is strongly associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Adiponectin is an adipose-derived plasma protein that is downregulated in subjects with obesity-related disorders. Low levels of adiponectin are associated with the increased prevalence of obesity-linked cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease and peripheral artery disease. Experimental findings have shown that adiponectin has beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system by directly acting on the component cells of the heart and blood vessels. Adiponectin protects cardiovascular tissues under conditions of stress through a number of mechanisms: inhibition of pro-inflammatory and hypertrophic responses, and stimulation of endothelial cell responses. These effects of adiponectin are mainly attributed to the modulation of signaling molecules, including AMP-activated protein kinase. Thus, adiponectin could be a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. (Circ J 2009; 73: 608 -614)

Adiponectin Ameliorates Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity through Akt Protein-dependent Mechanism

“…Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that is exclusively produced by adipocytes (6,7). Plasma adiponectin levels are decreased in obese subjects (10), and adiponectin is down-regulated in association with obesity-linked disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease (6,7).…”

“…Plasma adiponectin levels are decreased in obese subjects (10), and adiponectin is down-regulated in association with obesity-linked disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease (6,7). Consistent with these clinical observations, experimental studies demonstrate that adiponectin deficiency contributes to exacerbation of insulin resistance, hypertension, vascular dysfunction, and cardiac remodeling under conditions of stress (11)(12)(13), indicating the protective actions of adiponectin on various obesity-inducible complications.…”

Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled, Comparative Trial of Formula Food Containing Soy Protein vs. Milk Protein in Visceral Fat Obesity - FLAVO Study -

“…28- 31 The use of a formula food has been reported to increase the level of adiponectin. 32 Figure 3 shows the Table 4) and adiponectin (μg/ml), from baseline to 20 weeks (baseline value minus that at 20 weeks).…”

Increased circulating adiponectin levels and decreased leptin/soluble leptin receptor ratio throughout puberty in female ballet dancers: association with body composition and the delay in puberty

“…Okamoto et al (39) demonstrated that adiponectin levels are negatively associated with BMI and fat content. The mechanisms implicated in the regulation of adiponectin remain unknown, but exercise increases adiponectin levels (16,40), as shown here. Furthermore, we found that lean mass is higher in BDs, and that there is a positive correlation between adiponectin levels and lean mass.…”

“…This peptide acts as a satiety signal that stimulates energy expenditure regulating body weight (11), with these actions being modulated by a soluble receptor (12). Physical exercise increases adiponectin levels (13) and the expression of its receptors in muscle (14), and this adipokine may have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system (15,16).…”