Adiponectin, AFABP, and Leptin in Human Breast Milk During 12 Months of Lactation

Bronský, Jiří; Mitrová, Katarína; Karpíšek, Michal; Mazoch, Jiří; Durilová, Marianna; Fisárková, B; Stechova, Katerina; Průša, Richard; Nevoral, Jiří

doi:10.1097/mpg.0b013e3182062fcc

Cited by 57 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We obtained longitudinal data from breast milk samples starting in the first week including colostrum and transitional milk and ending with mature milk after 6 mo lactation. Our findings were supported by previous data about the presence of leptin in breast milk during the whole lactation period (1,2,6,18,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) and suggest that maternal leptin could regulate body weight gain during early infancy. We observed quite low, but nearly constant breast milk leptin levels over 6 mo with distinct interindividual differences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Leptin in Maternal Serum and Breast Milk: Association With Infants' Body Weight Gain in a Longitudinal Study Over 6 Months of Lactation

et al. 2011

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ABSTRACT:The adipokine leptin has been detected in human breast milk, but its effect on postnatal growth and development remains largely unclear. We hypothesized that leptin could affect infant's body weight gain during early lactation in the first 6 mo of life. Therefore, we evaluated leptin levels in maternal serum and breast milk of 23 healthy, lactating mothers and their neonates in a prospective, longitudinal study. Leptin concentration was quantified by a commercially available human leptin RIA. Our results showed that leptin levels in breast milk were 22-fold lower than in maternal serum, but both parameters were positively correlated to each other (r ϭ 0.431, p ϭ 0.001) and to maternal BMI (serum: r ϭ 0.512, p Ͻ 0.001; milk: r ϭ 0.298, p Ͻ 0.001) over 6 mo of lactation. A negative association was found between breast milk leptin levels during the first week after delivery and the infant weight gain from the end of the first to the sixth month (r ϭ Ϫ0.681, p ϭ 0.007). This suggests that milk-borne leptin provides a link between maternal body composition and infant growth and development and plays a critical role in regulating appetite and food intake during early infancy. (Pediatr Res 70: 633-637, 2011)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Leptin in Maternal Serum and Breast Milk: Association With Infants' Body Weight Gain in a Longitudinal Study Over 6 Months of Lactation

et al. 2011

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“…In contrast, earlier human studies reported either unchanged (Bronsky et al, 2011) or Figure 1. Plasma adiponectin concentration (μg/mL) in cows (n = 50) during the experimental period 1 (from wk 3 antepartum to wk 12 postpartum), period 2 (3 wk of feed restriction, starting at about 100 DIM), and period 3 (8 wk of realimentation).…”

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confidence: 41%

Short communication: Circulating and milk adiponectin change differently during energy deficiency at different stages of lactation in dairy cows

Singh

Häußler

Gross

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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Adiponectin, one of the most abundant adipokines in circulation, is known for its role in regulation of body metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a negative energy balance (NEB) at 2 stages of lactation (lactational NEB at the onset of lactation and an induced NEB by feed restriction near 100 d of lactation) on circulating adiponectin concentrations. We also investigated the effect of feed restriction on adiponectin concentrations in milk and the relationships of blood and milk adiponectin with selected plasma or milk variables and with measures of body condition. Plasma adiponectin was measured in 50 multiparous Holstein dairy cows throughout 3 experimental periods [i.e., period 1 = 3 wk antepartum up to 12 wk postpartum, period 2 = 3 wk of feed restriction starting at around 100 d in milk with a control (n = 25) and feed-restricted group (50% of energy requirements; n = 25), and period 3 = subsequent realimentation period for 8 wk]. Milk adiponectin was investigated among 21 multiparous cows at wk 2 and wk 12 of period 1 and wk 2 of period 2. Adiponectin concentrations in plasma and skim milk were measured using an in-house ELISA specific for bovine adiponectin. Major changes in circulating adiponectin concentrations were observed during the periparturient period, whereas energy deficiency during established lactation at around 100 d in milk and subsequent refeeding did not affect plasma adiponectin. Together with lower adiponectin concentrations in milk (μg/mL), the reduction in milk yield led to decreased adiponectin secretion via milk (mg/d) at the second week of feed restriction. Irrespective of time and treatment, milk adiponectin represented about 0.002% of total milk protein. Mean adiponectin concentrations in milk (0.61 ± 0.03 μg/mL) were about 92% lower than the mean plasma adiponectin concentrations (32.1 ± 1.0 μg/mL). The proportion of the steady-state plasma adiponectin pool secreted daily via milk was 2.7%. In view of the similar extent of NEB in both periods of energy deficiency, decreasing adiponectin concentrations seems important for accomplishing the adaptation to the rapidly increasing metabolic rates in early lactation, whereas the lipolytic reaction toward feed restriction-induced NEB during established lactation seems to occur largely independent of changes in circulating adiponectin. Key words: adiponectin , milk , energy deficiency , dairy cow Short CommunicationWith the onset of lactation in high-producing dairy cows, milk synthesis leads to an approximately 4-fold increase in total energy requirements compared with pregnant and nonlactating state (Block et al., 2001), which is often accompanied by insufficient voluntary feed intake. The period of negative energy balance (NEB) is associated with changes in several metabolic key hormones, such as growth hormone and IGF-1, and the responsiveness of peripheral tissues for these hormones (Rhoads et al., 2007). The period of energy demand such as early lactation in dairy cattle is characterized by an incr...

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“…The mean adiponectin concentration of 35.0 ng/ml was slightly higher than previously reported milk concentrations at 1 year of lactation of 25.7 ± 1.4 ng/ml [21]. Adiponectin receptor 1 was detected in rodent small intestine, which might facilitate the absorption of milk adiponectin and thus have the appetite-enhancing effect of high milk adiponectin levels [22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Excessive Weight Gain during Full Breast-Feeding

et al. 2014

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Background: Breast-feeding is considered to offer optimal nutrition for healthy infant growth and development. Observational studies have linked breast-feeding to reduced obesity. Case Observation: We observed an infant who was born macrosomic (4.56 kg) and showed excessive weight gain markedly exceeding the 97th percentile of weight during full breast-feeding. At the age of 4 months, the weight was greater than 11 kg. Clinical evaluation did not reveal any underlying pathology. After the introduction of complementary feeding and hence reduction of the breast milk intake, the excessive weight gain was attenuated and the slope of the percentile curve paralleled upper percentiles. Since this pattern suggested full breast-feeding as the driver of excessive weight gain, we analyzed the human milk composition at the infant age of 1 year and compared the results with published data on composition at this stage of lactation. Results: The milk contents of lactose, fat, fatty acids, polar lipids, carnitine species, and insulin were similar to the reference data. The adiponectin content was increased. The most remarkable alteration was a high milk protein content (mean 1.25 g/dl, reference 0.8 g/dl). Conclusions: A very high protein supply in infancy has been previously shown to increase plasma concentrations of the growth factors insulin and IGF-1, weight gain, and later obesity. We speculate that interindividual variations in human milk adiponectin and protein contents may contribute to modulation of the growth of fully breast-fed infants and in this case may have contributed to excessive weight gain during full breast-feeding. This hypothesis merits being tested in future cohort studies.

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Adiponectin, AFABP, and Leptin in Human Breast Milk During 12 Months of Lactation

Abstract: All of the hormones were detectable in BM up to 12 months of lactation, with decreasing trend until M3 and subsequent increase till M12. We speculate that higher levels in M6 and M12 may be caused by longer intervals between breast-feeding due to the introduction of complementary food.

Cited by 57 publications

References 19 publications

Leptin in Maternal Serum and Breast Milk: Association With Infants' Body Weight Gain in a Longitudinal Study Over 6 Months of Lactation

Leptin in Maternal Serum and Breast Milk: Association With Infants' Body Weight Gain in a Longitudinal Study Over 6 Months of Lactation

Short communication: Circulating and milk adiponectin change differently during energy deficiency at different stages of lactation in dairy cows

Excessive Weight Gain during Full Breast-Feeding

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