Adiponectin: a pivotal role in the protection against cerebral ischemic injury

Wu, Ming-Hsiu

doi:10.20517/2347-8659.2019.07

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…These are involved in different endocrine mechanisms with proand anti-inflammatory effects [25]. One of the most studied is Adiponectin, which seems to offer some protection to the cardiovascular and metabolic systems as well as cerebral ischemia [26,27]. It seems that adiponectin is also involved in the modulation of the heart rate and the onset of AF [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome: A Strange Companion of Atrial Fibrillation; A Blessing in Disguise from the Neuropsychiatric Point of View

et al. 2023

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Background: The concept of metabolic syndrome (MetSy) brings together components that individually represent a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which over time can prove to be more harmful if a combined effect of these is exhibited. Method: A single-centre retrospective study in an academic medical unit was conducted. We analysed the link between the MetSy and the occurrence of neuropsychic complications among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. We sifted through the files of the patients admitted during 2015–2016 to the Municipal Emergency University Hospital Timisoara, Romania, with the diagnosis of AF. We divided these AF patients into two groups: the first group comprised patients with atrial fibrillation and MetSy (267 patients), while the second group comprised AF patients without MetSy (843 patients). We analysed the occurrence of neuropsychic changes (stroke, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, cognitive impairment, and silent lacunar infarction) among the two groups. Results: Cognitive impairment (p-value = 0.0081) and dementia (p-value < 0.0001) were less frequent in patients with AF and MetSy than in those with AF without MetSy. Regarding the presence of stroke and Parkinson’s disease (PD), we could not demonstrate the existence of any statistically significant difference between the two groups. Using logistic regression (enter test), we found that MetSy might have a protective effect (OR = 0.4040, 95% CI [0.2132; 0.7654], p-value = 0.0054) for the occurrence of dementia in those patients. Furthermore, obesity was the only factor with a possible protective effect from all the constituents of the MetSy when analysed together (with a significance level of p-value = 0.0004 for the logistic regression). The protective effect of MetSy against stroke occurrence was supplementarily proven by a longer period of survival without stroke from the AF diagnosis (3.521 years, p = 0.0304) compared to patients with AF without MetSy (3.286 years to first stroke occurrence). Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome might offer protection against the occurrence of dementia among patients with AF, but no effect was noted when compared with the presence of stroke. Further studies on larger cohorts can help us reach a conclusion regarding the positive effects of the metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome: A Strange Companion of Atrial Fibrillation; A Blessing in Disguise from the Neuropsychiatric Point of View

et al. 2023

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“…These effects are mediated by a decrease in the function of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, modification of the gene expression in the target cells through ROS production [18][19][20][21][43][44][45] , an increase in the inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein, interleukin-17, and interleukin-1 receptor [46][47][48][49] , an increase in homocysteine 50 , and a decrease in adiponectin 51 . The above-mentioned changes are known mediators of vascular cell injury and atherosclerotic plaque formation, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance 52 , apoptosis of neuron cells and cerebrovascular dysfunction [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional study of passive opiate smoking in relation to stroke and some of stroke attributable risk factors in women

Jalali

Khalili

Bahrampour

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Opiate use is related to neuropathological disorders, stroke and stroke attributable risk factors. However, secondary exposure to opiate in relation to the above-mentioned complications is studied only in animal models and remains to be evaluated in human populations. We tested whether passive exposure to opiate is associated with stroke and the known stroke predictive factors. We carried out a cross-sectional study of 1541 never smoker women who participated in the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) with their husbands (2015–2017 recruitment phase). RCS is one of the 19 geographic districts of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN cohort study). Unadjusted and adjusted multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between second-hand opiate exposure (husband opiate smoking after marriage) and the odds ratio of stroke and the following stroke risk factors and predictive parameters: overweight/obesity (BMI > 25), cholesterol (chol) > 200 mg/dl, fasting blood sugar (FBS) > 125 mg/dl, low density lipoprotein (LDL) > 100 mg/dl, triglyceride (TG) > = 150 mg/dl, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic headache. We observed a significant increased adjusted odds ratio (OR) of stroke (OR = 3.43, 95% CI:1.33–8.82) and its risk factors LDL > 100 mg/dl (OR = 1.37, 95% CI:1.01–1.87) and FBS > 125 mg/dl (OR = 1.58, 95% CI:1.08–2.30) in women associated with husbands’ opiate smoking. This relationship was observed after adjusting for the confounding parameters including age, education years, and first-degree family history of the relevant diseases. The increased odds ratio for stroke and high LDL displayed a dose-sensitive trend with years of husband’s opiate smoking after marriage (respective p-trends: 0.02 & 0.01). We did not observe a significant association between passive opiate smoking and high TG, high Chol or the diseases diabetes, hypertension and chronic headache. However, 89% increased odds ratio of chronic headache was observed to be associated with passive opiate smoking for more than 10 years (OR = 1.89, 95% CI:1.02–3.50). We found an increased risk of stroke and high LDL and FBS in women associated with passive opiate smoking. Furthermore, a dose-sensitive connection was found between the risks of stroke, high LDL and chronic headache with the years of passive opiate exposure. Our results point to the necessity of the future analyses, which further assess whether passive opiate exposure could be considered as an independent risk factor for stroke and metabolic diseases.

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“…Adiponectin crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds to AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, expressed in brain endothelial cells ( Thundyil et al, 2012 ). It protects the brain from cerebral ischemic injury, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, as well as psychological disorders including post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression ( Hu et al, 2015 ; Na et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Bloemer et al, 2018 ; Wu, 2019 ; Polito et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021 ). Adiponectin deficiency is associated with increased white matter lesions, increased mortality post-ischemic stroke, and decreased cognitive function in adults ( Efstathiou et al, 2005 ; Quan et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Therapeutic Agents That Can Regulate Pgc-1α Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

PGC-1α activity and mitochondrial dysfunction in preterm infants

2022

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Extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) are born in a relatively hyperoxic environment with weak antioxidant defenses, placing them at high risk for mitochondrial dysfunction affecting multiple organ systems including the nervous, respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal systems. The brain and lungs are highly affected by mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulation in the neonate, causing white matter injury (WMI) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), respectively. Adequate mitochondrial function is important in providing sufficient energy for organ development as it relates to alveolarization and axonal myelination and decreasing oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) detoxification. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is at the root of WMI and BPD pathobiology, exploring therapies that can regulate PGC-1α activity may be beneficial. This review article describes several promising therapeutic agents that can mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction through direct and indirect activation and upregulation of the PGC-1α pathway. Metformin, resveratrol, omega 3 fatty acids, montelukast, L-citrulline, and adiponectin are promising candidates that require further pre-clinical and clinical studies to understand their efficacy in decreasing the burden of disease from WMI and BPD in preterm infants.

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Adiponectin: a pivotal role in the protection against cerebral ischemic injury

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Metabolic Syndrome: A Strange Companion of Atrial Fibrillation; A Blessing in Disguise from the Neuropsychiatric Point of View

Metabolic Syndrome: A Strange Companion of Atrial Fibrillation; A Blessing in Disguise from the Neuropsychiatric Point of View

Cross-sectional study of passive opiate smoking in relation to stroke and some of stroke attributable risk factors in women

PGC-1α activity and mitochondrial dysfunction in preterm infants

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