Adipokines demonstrate the interacting influence of central obesity with other cardiometabolic risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Hong Kong Chinese adults

Abstract

ObjectiveMetabolic syndrome (MetS) or prediabetes is a complex disorder that is defined by a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, and insulin resistance. Among cardiometabolic risk factors, central obesity plays a key role in the development of MetS through alterations in the secretion of adipokines and interacts with other MetS risk factors to unfavorably influence overall cardiometabolic risk. Obesity has grasped epidemic proportions in Asia, which has the highest number of people with diabetes in the world. But, the importance of central obesity in the clustering of all four MetS risk factors or vice versa in predicting severity of MetS has not yet been investigated in Asian population. Therefore, the present study examined the influence of central obesity on circulating levels of adipokines through its interaction with the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors of MetS including hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension in Hong Kong Chinese adults.SubjectsBlood samples from 83 Hong Kong Chinese adults, who were previously screened for MetS according to the guideline of the United States National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were selected. Insulin and adipokines, including visfatin, chemerin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), resistin, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin and adiponectin were assessed.ResultsThe interacting effect of central obesity with all of the other four MetS risk factors increased the proinflammatory status of adipokines (TNF-α, leptin) and decreased the anti-inflammatory status of adipokine (adiponectin).ConclusionOur results indicate that the inflammatory status of MetS may be more severe in the presence of central obesity. Adipokines, as biomarkers for pathophysiological changes, may help to improve early patient identification and to predict MetS-associated morbidity and mortality.

Obestatin and growth hormone reveal the interaction of central obesity and other cardiometabolic risk factors of metabolic syndrome

“…For instance, it has been reported previously that adiponectin regulates GH secretion through adiponectin receptor followed by Ca 2+ signalling 37 . Consistent findings from our laboratory have also revealed an association between CO and reduced circulating adiponectin 38 . Table 2.…”

Untargeted and Targeted Proteomic Analysis of the Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Two Adipose Tissue Depots and Blood of Obese Patients

“…In previous studies, incretins have showed an anti-in ammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effect and they are major players on appetite and satiety, being also widely related with obesity [46]. Interestingly, serum levels of PAI-1, an inhibitor of brinolysis usually up-regulated in obesity [47] were not much affected in our patients. This could be caused by the hypocaloric diet prior bariatric surgery received by the patients that could have affected their metabolic pro le.…”

Pre-impaired fasting glucose state is a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction: Flow-mediated Dilation Japan (FMD-J) study

“…It is well known that hypertension and dyslipidemia induce increases in oxidative stress and inflammation. [32][33][34] Oxidative stress and inflammation make a vicious circle and contribute to endothelial dysfunction. 35 In the present study, we found associations of FBS with obesity and with increases in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level.…”