Adipokines and proinflammatory cytokines, the key mediators in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Stojsavljević, Sanja; Palčić, Marija Gomerčić; Jukić, Lucija; Duvnjak, Lea; Duvnjak, Marko

doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i48.18070

Cited by 279 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 275 publications

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“…27 TNF-α causes impaired insulin-derived peripheral uptake of glucose by increasing the serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and consequently inhibits the translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane, which results in peripheral IR. 28,29 Some studies have suggested that treatment with anti-TNF-α antibody can improve insulin sensitivity in IR patients 30,31 . IL-6 is another inflammatory adipokine that is involved the pathogenesis of IR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic control and adipokines after periodontal therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis

Wang

Liu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Braz. oral res.

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Abstract:The mechanism by which chronic periodontitis (CP) affects type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of periodontal therapy (PT) on the glycemic control and adipokines of patients with T2DM and CP with the purpose of elucidating the possible mechanisms by which CP influences T2DM. Forty-four patients with T2DM and CP were randomly divided into two groups according to whether they underwent PT. Periodontal status, blood glucose, and the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), adiponectin (APN), and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) were measured at baseline and after 3 months. The results revealed that the probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) were significantly improved, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, and APN and FGF-21 exhibited substantial increases in the intervention group after 3 months (p < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in both groups decreased significantly after 3 months compared with baseline (p < 0.05), but the intervention group exhibited a significantly greater change (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PT may relieve periodontal inflammation, which causes a reduction of insulin-antagonizing adipokines and an increase in insulin-sensitizing adipokines, thereby eliciting an improvement in glycemic control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic control and adipokines after periodontal therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis

Wang

Liu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Braz. oral res.

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“…Given that higher basal levels of TNF-a represent a risk factor in the development and progression of NAFLD (4), the significant decline of TNFa after consumption of ancient khorasan is promising. The significant decrease in IL-1Ra following the consumption of ancient khorasan products is potentially relevant in secondary prevention, given that higher levels of IL-1Ra are reported to be positively related to obesity and the progression of the disease in human subjects (4). Of great interest is that the significant decrease in proinflammatory cytokines, evident in the ancient khorasan group, occurred independently of the significant decreases in percentage fat mass, steatosis grading, and ROS production, evident for both the ancient khorasan and control groups.…”

Section: Liver Steatosis Grading and Doppler Ultrasound Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple parallel factors, including insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered gut microflora, acting synergistically (multiple-hit hypothesis) in genetically predisposed individuals, are implicated in the development and progression of the disease (1,4). Moreover, there is growing evidence that NAFLD is a multisystem disease affecting extrahepatic organs and regulatory pathways, as in T2DM and cardiovascular disease (CVD), with the latter being responsible for the majority of NAFLD deaths (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Khorasan Wheat-Based Replacement Diet Improves Risk Profile of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Randomized Clinical Trial

Dinu

Whittaker

Pagliai

et al. 2018

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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Objective: KAMUT khorasan is an ancient grain with widely acclaimed health benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a replacement diet with ancient khorasan wheat products in patients with NAFLD, in comparison to a similar replacement diet with control products made from organic semi-whole-grain modern wheat. Methods: Forty NAFLD patients (12 M/28 F; age 55.2 § 10.4 years) with mild to moderate liver steatosis were included. The experimental design was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-arm study with 20 participants assigned to consume either KAMUT khorasan or control wheat products (pasta, bread, crackers, biscuits) over a 3-month period. Anthropometric measurements, blood analyses, and ultrasonography examination were performed at both the beginning and end of each dietary intervention. Results: After the implementation of a general linear model for repeated measurements adjusted for baseline demographic details, risk factors, and medication, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly reduced by 12%, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) by 14%, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 8%, and cholesterol by 6% only in the khorasan group (p < 0.05 for all). Similarly, significant reductions in circulating proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha by 50%, interleukin l-receptor antagonist-alpha by 37%, interleukin-8 by 24%, and interferon gamma by 24% were evident only in participants who consumed the khorasan products (p < 0.05 for all). Finally, significant improvements in the liver steatosis grading, Doppler perfusion index values, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evident after consumption of both the khorasan and control products. Conclusions: This study suggests that a short-term replacement diet with ancient KAMUT khorasan products is most effective in reducing metabolic risk factors and ameliorating the liver profile in patients with NAFLD.

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“…Adipokines are adipose tissue-derived polypeptides with biological activities, which are responsible for all pathological processes of NAFLD, including insulin resistance, steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis [6,7]. It has been well documented that conventional adipokines, such as adiponectin and leptin, exert antagonistic effects and closely correlate with NAFLD [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Circulating Adipsin, Visfatin, and Adiponectin with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults: A Case-Control Study

Qiu¹,

SuFan²,

et al. 2018

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background/Aims: Some adipokines, such as adiponectin and leptin, have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while the association of adipsin and visfatin with NAFLD still remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association of circulating adipsin, visfatin, and adiponectin with NAFLD in Chinese adults. Methods: We recruited a total of 211 eligible subjects, including 100 NAFLD cases and 111 age and sex frequency-matched controls. Circulating adipsin, visfatin, and adiponection concentrations were measured by enzymatic immunoassay. Unconditional logistic regression was conducted to assess the associations between quartiles of adipokines and NAFLD. Results: Compared with the controls, NAFLD cases had higher levels of adipsin and lower levels of visfatin and adiponectin. By multivariate logistic analysis, adjusting for potential confounders, circulating adipsin levels were found to be positively associated with NAFLD risk, and circulating levels of visfatin and adiponectin were inversely associated with the risk of NAFLD (all p-trend < 0.05). The ORs were 3.76 (95% CI 1.27–11.08) for adipsin, 0.30 (95% CI 0.10–0.91) for visfatin, and 0.30 (95% CI 0.10–0.88) for adiponectin comparing subjects in the highest quartile with those in the lowest. After stratified by obesity status, the association of higher adipsin with increased risk of NAFLD was only observed in nonobese group. Additionally, the inverse association between adiponectin and NAFLD was found in both groups. Conclusions: These results indicated that increased circulating levels of adipsin and decreased circulating levels of visfatin and adiponectin were independently associated with the increased risk of NAFLD.

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Adipokines and proinflammatory cytokines, the key mediators in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Cited by 279 publications

References 275 publications

Glycemic control and adipokines after periodontal therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis

Glycemic control and adipokines after periodontal therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis

A Khorasan Wheat-Based Replacement Diet Improves Risk Profile of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Randomized Clinical Trial

Association of Circulating Adipsin, Visfatin, and Adiponectin with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults: A Case-Control Study

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