Adipocytokines in sleep apnea syndrome

Abstract

ObjectiveBiomarkers of adipose tissue may affect glucose and lipid metabolism and present pro-inflammatory properties, thus could be involved in the pathobiochemistry of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The coexistence of sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and metabolic risk factors of CVD is worth explaining. The aim of the study was to compare the serum adipocytokines in subjects with and without OSA, who had all elevated body mass index (BMI).MethodsOverweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI: 30.0-39.9 kg/m2) OSA-suspected Caucasian males, aged 30-63, with no acute disease or chronic disorder underwent polysomnographic evaluation to select OSA-positive (AHI ≥ 5) and OSA-negative (AHI < 5) subjects. Four subgroups were created of 18 persons each: Over(weight)-OSA-Neg, Over-OSA-Pos, Obese-OSA-Neg, Obese-OSA-Pos. In all subjects, plasma carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters, and serum uric acid, resistin and leptin concentrations were determined.ResultsA decreased resistin level was observed in Over-OSA-Pos vs. Over-OSA-Neg subjects (P = 0.037) as well as in Obese-OSA-Pos vs. Obese-OSA-Neg (P = 0.045). No differences in leptin concentrations were observed. A positive correlation between leptin and BMI was in both overweight subgroups and a negative one between resistin and fasting glucose was in both obese subgroups.ConclusionsOSA may decrease the serum resistin level in subjects with excess body mass and also may contribute to glucose metabolism, but has no influence on the leptin level.

Effect of OSA on hypoxic and inflammatory markers during CPAP withdrawal: Further evidence from three randomized control trials

“…Resistin, an adipose‐derived cytokine, has been suggested as an important link between OSA, obesity and inflammation . This link is not certain and others reported no difference in resistin levels in OSA patients or found a reduction in resistin levels . Reductions in resistin levels have been reported with CPAP treatment, whilst others report no change in resistin levels with CPAP therapy .…”

“…19 This link is not certain and others reported no difference in resistin levels in OSA patients 33 or found a reduction in resistin levels. 34 Reductions in resistin levels have been reported with CPAP treatment, 19 whilst others report no change in resistin levels with CPAP therapy. 35,36 Our results show that resistin levels are not changed during return of OSA seen in CPAP withdrawal suggesting that it does not contribute to endothelial dysfunction seen with CPAP withdrawal.…”

Resistin - the link between adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

“…Their study however should be consciously reconsidered as it is performed in Asian population, with significantly lower BMI (BMI-28). Wysozka et al, [38] investigated different adipokines in Caucasian obese (BMI 30–39,9) and overweight (BMI – 25–29,9) patients with and without OSA. They conclude that in both groups – obese and overweight - OSA per se causes a decrease in resistin plasma levels.…”

“…Wysoczka et al [38], describe that in both obese groups – with and without OSA resistin correlated to an increased fasting glucose. Similar is the data, presented by Rangwala et al [32].…”

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome as a Systemic Low-Grade Inflammatory Disorder

“…OSAS may decrease serum resistin levels in subjects with excess body mass and also may contribute to glucose metabolism, but has no influence on leptin levels (Wysocka et al, 2009) Ghrelin is a hormone that influences appetite and fat accumulation and its physiological effects are opposite to those of leptin. No clear relation has been found between ghrelin and OSAS.…”