Adipocytokine and appetite-regulating hormone response to weight loss in adolescents with obesity: Impact of weight loss magnitude

Kravchychyn, Ana Claudia Pelissari; Campos, Raquel Munhoz da Silveira; Silva, Luciana Oliveira e; Ferreira, Yasmin Alaby Martins; Corgosinho, Flávia Campos; Masquio, Deborah Cristina Landi; Vicente, Sofia Emanuelle de Castro Ferreira; Oyama, Lila Missae; Tock, Lian; Mello, Marco Túlio de; Tufik, Sérgio; Torgerson, David; Dâmaso, Ana Raimunda

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2021.111188

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Even though we observed an increase in AgRP levels after 10 weeks of initial weight loss, levels had reverted to baseline values at the end of the program. This finding is partly in line with previous studies reporting increased levels of AgRP in response to diet- or lifestyle-induced weight reductions ( Patkar et al, 2019 ; Kravchychyn et al, 2021 ). It also points towards increased hunger signaling in line with a potential weight-loss-induced physiological compensation ( Sumithran et al, 2011 ; Sumithran and Proietto, 2013 ; Greenway, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Levels of hormones regulating appetite and energy homeostasis in response to a 1.5-Year combined lifestyle intervention for obesity

et al. 2023

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Background: Weight loss can induce changes in appetite-regulating hormone levels, possibly linked to increases in appetite and weight regain. However, hormonal changes vary across interventions. Here, we studied levels of appetite-regulating hormones during a combined lifestyle intervention (CLI: healthy diet, exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy).Methods: We measured levels of long-term adiposity-related hormones (leptin, insulin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin) and short-term appetite hormones (PYY, cholecystokinin, gastric-inhibitory polypeptide, pancreatic polypeptide, FGF21, AgRP) in overnight-fasted serum of 39 patients with obesity. Hormone levels were compared between T0 (baseline), T1 (after 10 weeks) and T2 (end of treatment, 1.5 years). T0-T1 hormone changes were correlated with T1-T2 anthropometric changes.Results: Initial weight loss at T1 was maintained at T2 (−5.0%, p < 0.001), and accompanied by decreased leptin and insulin levels at T1 and T2 (all p < 0.05) compared to T0. Most short-term signals were not affected. Only PP levels were decreased at T2 compared to T0 (p < 0.05). Most changes in hormone levels during initial weight loss did not predict subsequent changes in anthropometrics, except for T0-T1 decreases in FGF21 levels and T0-T1 increases in HMW adiponectin levels tended to be associated with larger T1-T2 increases in BMI (p < 0.05 and p = 0.05, respectively).Conclusion: CLI-induced weight loss was associated with changes in levels of long-term adiposity-related hormones towards healthy levels, but not with orexigenic changes in most short-term appetite signals. Our data indicates that the clinical impact of alterations in appetite-regulating hormones during modest weight loss remains questionable. Future studies should investigate potential associations of weight-loss-induced changes in FGF21 and adiponectin levels with weight regain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Levels of hormones regulating appetite and energy homeostasis in response to a 1.5-Year combined lifestyle intervention for obesity

et al. 2023

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“…Though few studies examine the levels of central α-MSH in obese patients, peripheral α-MSH concentration is considered to correlate to CNS concentration [187,188]. Adjusting individual energy intake and providing nutritional education in obese adolescents lower α-MSH level and decrease body weight [189]. Additionally, it was found that limiting feeding to the active period of MT-II administration can lower blood pressure [190] because eating during the active phase can attenuate the decline in heart function during aging and plays a role in the diurnal regulation of blood pressure [191][192][193].…”

Section: Regulation Of Appetite and Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Appetite Regulation in the Central Nervous System

Wu¹,

Jing-mei²,

Hua³

et al. 2023

Neuroendocrinology

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Understanding the complex action mechanism of appetite regulation peptides can significantly impact therapeutic options in the treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases. Hypothalamic α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is an anorexigenic peptide, closely related to the occurrence of obesity, playing a central role in food intake and energy expenditure. In the central nervous system (CNS), α-MSH is cleaved from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and then released into different hypothalamic regions to act on melanocortin 3/4 receptor (MC3/4R)-expressing neurons, lowering food intake and raising energy expenditure via appetite suppression and sympathetic nervous system. Furthermore, it can increase the transmission of some anorexigenic hormones (e.g., dopamine) and interact with other orexigenic factors (e.g., agouti-related protein, neuropeptide Y) to influence food reward rather than merely feeding behavior. Therefore, α-MSH is a critical node of the hypothalamus in transmitting appetite suppression signals and is a key component of the central appetite-regulating circuits. Herein, we describe the role of α-MSH in appetite suppression in terms of specific receptors, effector neurons, sites of action, and the interaction with other appetite-relative peptides, respectively. We focus on the role of α-MSH in obesity. The status of research on α-MSH-related drugs is also discussed. With the intention of illuminating a new approach for targeting α-MSH in the hypothalamus as a strategy to manage obesity, we hope to further understand the direct or indirect mechanisms by which α-MSH exerts its appetite-regulating effects.

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Wheat Biscuits Enriched with Plant-Based Protein Contribute to Weight Loss and Beneficial Metabolic Effects in Subjects with Overweight/Obesity

et al. 2022

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The present study aimed to assess the impact of daily consumption of a snack fortified with plant proteins with high content in amino acids with appetite regulating properties (BCAAs and L-arginine), as part of a dietary intervention, on weight loss. Seventy adults without diabetes (26 male, 44 female) and with overweight/obesity participated in a 12-week restricted dietary intervention and were randomized to either a control or an intervention group, consuming daily 70 g of conventional wheat biscuits (CB) or an isocaloric amount of wheat biscuits enriched with plant proteins (PB) originating from legumes and seeds, respectively. Anthropometric characteristics were measured and venous blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Decreases in body weight, body fat mass and waist circumference were observed in both groups. Participants in the intervention group experienced greater weight loss (7.6 ± 2.7 vs. 6.2 ± 2.7%, p = 0.025) and marginally significant larger decrease in body fat mass (4.9 ± 2.2 vs. 3.9 ± 2.4 kg, p = 0.059). A moderate reduction in IL-1β levels (p = 0.081), a significantly higher decrease in TNF-α levels (p < 0.001) and a marginally significant greater leptin decrease (p = 0.066) in subjects of the PB group were noticed. Greater reductions in caloric and carbohydrate intake and a trend towards a higher decrease in fat intake were also observed in participants of this group. Incorporation of plant-based proteins with high content in amino acids with appetite-regulating properties in wheat biscuits may contribute to greater weight loss and improvement of metabolic parameters in subjects who are overweight or obese. Protein enrichment of snacks offers a beneficial qualitative manipulation that could be successfully incorporated in a diet plan.

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Adipocytokine and appetite-regulating hormone response to weight loss in adolescents with obesity: Impact of weight loss magnitude

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Levels of hormones regulating appetite and energy homeostasis in response to a 1.5-Year combined lifestyle intervention for obesity

Levels of hormones regulating appetite and energy homeostasis in response to a 1.5-Year combined lifestyle intervention for obesity

Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Appetite Regulation in the Central Nervous System

Wheat Biscuits Enriched with Plant-Based Protein Contribute to Weight Loss and Beneficial Metabolic Effects in Subjects with Overweight/Obesity

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