Adição de Resíduos Orgânicos ao Substrato para Produção de Mudas de Café em Tubete

Abstract

RESUMOCom o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos dos substratos no desenvolvimento inicial de ca-feeiros (Coffea arabica L.) plantados em tubetes, foi conduzido, em viveiro de café no Institu-to Federal do Sul de Minas (IFSULDEMINAS), campus Machado, no sul de Minas Gerais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3x5, com três repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída por três tubetes com capacidade volumétrica de 51 ml cada. Os fatores em estudo foram os três genótipos de Coffea arabica (Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44, Catucaí Amarelo 2SL e Mundo Novo IAC 379-19) e as cinco adições ao substrato comercial foram: húmus de minhoca, esterco bovino de curral, esterco curtido de galinha, palha curtida de café (resíduos da máquina de beneficiamento) e, como testemunha, o substra-to comercial puro. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por 50% do produto comercial, 10% de vermiculita e 5% de areia grossa, adicionando-se aos 35% restantes os tratamentos citados anteriormente. Verificou-se a possibilidade de substituir nesta proporção o substrato comercial por fonte de material orgânico.Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica, tubete, substrato. Coffee Seedlings Growing In Substrate Amended With Differentes Organic Residues ABSTRACTAiming to evaluate the effects doe substrates in the initial development of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) planted in plas-tic tubes, was carried out at coffee nursery at the Federal Institute of Southern Minas IFSULDEMINAS -Machado Campus, located in southern Minas Gerais. The experimental design was randomized blocks in factorial scheme 3x5, with three replications. Each plot consisted of three tubes with a volume capacity of 120 ml each, and the factors were the three genotypes of Coffea arabica (IAC Catuaí Red 44, and the five additions to commercial substrate were earthworm compost, farmyard manure, chicken manure and tanned, leathery coffee straw (waste processing machine) and as a witness, the pure commercial substrate. The treatments were to be composed of 50% of the commercial product, 10% vermiculite and 5% coarse sand, adding -if, in the remaining 35% treatments mentioned previously. There was the possibility of replacing 35 % of the substrate by commercial source of orga nic material.

Pig compost for the formation of coffee seedlings in the substrate composition

“…The content of Ca present in the treatments fertilized with organic composts was practically double from the control (Table 1) given the presence of the element in the composts. The relation between the increase in Ca content and the reduction of exchangeable acidity had already been studied in other coffee seedlings production papers (Dias et al, 2009;Almeida et al, 2011). Regarding the V%, all the treatments that used the pig compost were superior to the standard, which in turn was superior to the control.…”

“…The use of organic matter in the substrate composition for the formation of coffee seedlings is essential for its proper development (Dias et al, 2009;Almeida et al, 2011). The organic matter improves the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the soil (Malavolta, 2006).…”

Agricultural wastes as alternative substrates in the production of conilon coffee seedlings

“…The production of coffee seedlings in tubes has advantages such as lower chance of contamination; direct growth and reduce problems with root folding (bent top); stimulate lateral root growth; take up less space in the nursery; reduce the incidence of weeds; reduce transport costs: and use less substrate volume (TOMAZ et al, 2015). Thus, it is of great importance that the substrate composition contains all the nutrients necessary for the plants development and that they are available, besides presenting aspects such as large porosity, high cation exchange capacity, good water retention, free of pests, pathogens and be economically viable (SAN-TANA DE ALMEIDA et al, 2011).…”

“…In the search for sustainable alternatives, and mainly to reduce costs in the acquisition of commercial substrates, several studies have been carried out, aiming at the use of residues generated in agricultural activities as components of substrates for the production of coffee seedlings (VALLONE et al, 2010b;ALMEIDA et al, 2011;MENEGHELLI et al, 2018).…”

Alternative substrates in different containers for production of conilon coffee seedlings

“…Thus, the substrates should have good characteristics such as adequate porosity, high cation exchange capacity, good water retention, and must be produced in a sustainable way with economic viability (ALMEIDA et al, 2011).…”