Adiabatic shear instability is not necessary for adhesion in cold spray

Hassani-Gangaraj, Mostafa; Veysset, David; Champagne, Victor K.; Nelson, Keith A.; Schuh, Christopher A.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2018.07.065

Cited by 255 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The Johnson-Cook plasticity model was used to determine the effects of strain hardening, strain rate hardening and thermal softening on the equivalent plastic deformation resistance. This model has been widely used to simulate the jetting phenomenon of particle impact during cold spraying [12,14,18,27,34,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68], despite its limitation at very high strain rates [57,69,70]. The equivalent plastic stress of the material is given as follows:…”

Section: Finite Element Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Particle Velocity When Propelled Using N2 or N2-He Mixed Gas on the Properties of Cold-Sprayed Ti6Al4V Coatings

et al. 2018

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Cold-spraying is a relatively new low-temperature coating technology which produces coatings by the deposition of metallic micro-particles at supersonic speed onto target substrate surfaces. This technology has the potential to enhance or restore damaged parts made of light metal alloys, such as Ti6Al4V (Ti64). Particle deposition velocity is one of the most crucial parameters for achieving high-quality coatings because it is the main driving force for particle bonding and coating formation. In this work, studies were conducted on the evolution of the properties of cold-sprayed Ti64 coatings deposited on Ti64 substrates with particle velocities ranging from 730 to 855 m/s using pure N2 and N2-He mixture as the propellant gases. It was observed that the increase in particle velocity significantly reduced the porosity level from about 11 to 1.6% due to greater densification. The coatings’ hardness was also improved with increased particle velocity due to the intensified grain refinement within the particles. Interestingly, despite the significant differences in the coating porosities, all the coatings deposited within the velocity range (below and above critical velocity) achieved a high adhesion strength exceeding 60 MPa. The fractography also showed changes in the degree of dimple fractures on the particles across the deposition velocities. Finite element modelling was carried out to understand the deformation behaviour of the impacting particles and the evolutions of strain and temperature in the formed coatings during the spraying process. This work also showed that the N2-He gas mixture was a cost-effective propellant gas (up to 3-times cheaper than pure He) to deliver the high-quality Ti64 coatings.

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Section: Finite Element Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Particle Velocity When Propelled Using N2 or N2-He Mixed Gas on the Properties of Cold-Sprayed Ti6Al4V Coatings

et al. 2018

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“…The occurrence of ASI causes the viscous flow of material in an outward direction at temperatures near the melting point and thus creates a jetting [3]. However, Hassani-Gangaraj et al [10] argued that ASI is not necessary for particle bonding based on modeling and single particle impact experiment results. Instead, they proposed that hydrodynamic jetting is formed as a result of strong pressure waves interacting with the expanding edge of the particle [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Process Treatments on Supersonic Cold Sprayed Coatings: A Review

Sun

Tan

et al. 2020

Coatings

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Cold Gas Dynamic Spray or Supersonic Cold Spray, or simply ‘Cold Spray’, is an emerging technology for rapidly building thin films, thick coatings and large-scale additive manufacturing at relatively low temperatures. In a cold spray process, particles are accelerated to supersonic speeds by a propellant gas and impact a substrate, thus producing a strong bonding with the substrate and subsequently forming a deposit via layer-by-layer buildup. The scalability and low cost of this method make it promising for many applications in industry, such as metal component surface repair/enhancement/restoration and functional coatings for electrical, thermal, biomedical, energy storage, and nuclear plant applications. However, cold sprayed deposits usually require post process treatments to further modify their microstructures and mechanical properties in order to obtain the desired performances. A number of studies have been carried out on this topic. Here, recent progress in different post process treatments on cold sprayed deposits is reviewed, including heat treatment, friction-stir processing, shot peening, and laser re-melting. The effects of these post treatments on the microstructure, residual stress and mechanical properties of cold sprayed deposits are discussed.

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“…In both steps, different microstructural mechanisms, such as atomic and metallurgical bonding as well as interparticle cohesion, are a consequence of the severe plastic deformation and adiabatic shear instability of particles experienced during the impact. However, knowledge of bonding mechanisms in CS remains an interesting and open field of research [4]. It is widely accepted that adhesion of the sprayed particles to the substrate is due to the phenomenon of heteroepitaxy (one kind of crystal is grown upon the surface of a different type) and adiabatic shearing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder Properties and Processing Conditions Affecting Cold Spray Deposition

et al. 2020

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The cold spray coating properties and performances are largely affected by feedstock characteristics and the employed processing parameters. Starting from experimental results obtained from the bibliographic data, the relationships between starting particles, processing conditions, and coating properties obtained by cold gas spray were analyzed. The relationships among these properties and particle velocity were described for various material systems. The effect on particle flattening, hardness, and porosity were largely described. Finally, the influence of the different parameters on the process output and on the coating properties was analytically defined through the employment of the multi-objective simulation tool modeFRONTIER. The analysis of data from the bibliography is a new trend that can also be applied to cold spray in order to analyze the effect of powder properties and spraying parameters on the cold spray (CS) process.

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Adiabatic shear instability is not necessary for adhesion in cold spray

Cited by 255 publications

References 70 publications

Influence of Particle Velocity When Propelled Using N2 or N2-He Mixed Gas on the Properties of Cold-Sprayed Ti6Al4V Coatings

Influence of Particle Velocity When Propelled Using N2 or N2-He Mixed Gas on the Properties of Cold-Sprayed Ti6Al4V Coatings

Post-Process Treatments on Supersonic Cold Sprayed Coatings: A Review

Powder Properties and Processing Conditions Affecting Cold Spray Deposition

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