Adhesive colonization of biomaterials and antibiotic resistance

Gristina, Anthony G.; Hobgood, Cherri; Webb, Lawrence X.; Myrvik, Quentin N.

doi:10.1016/0142-9612(87)90077-9

Cited by 265 publications

(148 citation statements)

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“…Bacteria adhere to biomaterials and proliferate, causing clinical infection and disease (Hoyle & Costerton, 1991;Rupp & Hamer, 1998). One important agent that causes these infections is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and its pathological effects are attributed to various characteristics, including the elaboration of many cell-associated virulence/survival factors (Van Delden & Iglewski, 1998), such as fimbriation, interaction with host defences and, most importantly, their adhesive and biofilmformation abilities (Gristina, 1987;Gristina et al, 1987;Wilson & Schurr, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of subinhibitory concentration of piperacillin/tazobactam on Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Fonseca

Extremina

Sousa

2004

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics, although not able to kill bacteria, can modify their physico-chemical characteristics and the architecture of their outermost surface and may interfere with some bacterial functions. This study investigated the ability of sub-MIC piperacillin/ tazobactam (P/T) to interfere with the bacterial virulence parameters of adhesiveness, cell-surface hydrophobicity, motility, biofilm formation and sensitivity to oxidative stress. Antimicrobial activity against five Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates, representative of clonal lineages of 96 strains of nosocomial origin, and six control strains (ATCC 27853, PAO1, AK1, MT1562, PT623, PAO1algC) was evaluated in vitro using the NCCLS microdilution method. The effects of sub-MIC on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation were studied using a modified microtitre plate assay. The relative cell-surface hydrophobicity of P. aeruginosa strains was determined by measuring their ability to adhere to n-hexadecane. P. aeruginosa that had been exposed overnight to P/T and incubated with P/T in the plate were also screened for their ability to swim using flagella and to twitch and for their sensitivity to oxidative stress. The results obtained showed that the impact of sub-MIC P/T on bacterial characteristics was different for the various strains of P. aeruginosa. There was a change in bacterial morphology and hydrophobicity that could explain a significant decrease in adhesion values in all clinical isolates and controls tested, a decrease in biofilm formation, a significant increase in sensitivity to oxidative stress, a significant decrease in flagellum-mediated swimming and a decrease in type IV fimbriae-mediated twitching. The results obtained indicate that sub-MIC P/T interferes with the pathogenic potential of P. aeruginosa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of subinhibitory concentration of piperacillin/tazobactam on Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Fonseca

Extremina

Sousa

2004

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Chronicity is encouraged by the lower susceptibility of microorganisms to the antibiotic attack when forming biofilms [13,25]. Considering the difficulty in eradicating these infections, experimental osteomyelitis models have been developed, involving either the inoculation of a bacterial suspension at the *Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple infection model using pre‐colonized implants to reproduce rat chronic Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis and study antibiotic treatment

Monzón

García-Álvare

Laclériga

et al. 2001

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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E.YOJJO~ S L. CEEI-Arcig6n, Z~i r t r g o~u , SpuiiiAccepted 5 December 2000Institutr oJ Agrohiotcclinolog!., 31006 Pumplonu, Spain AbstractSrq~phploroccus (iureiis biofilms formed on medical implants represent a serious problem, being difficult to eradicate with antibiotic therapy and leading to chronic infections. Simplified in vivo andl in vitro antibiotic susceptibility assays using biofilm bacteria are needed. In this work. a novel chronic osteomyelitis infection model was developed in rats in the absence of bacterial suspension, requiring the use of only lo6 bacteria in biofilms at the site of surgery, with a full success in reproducing infection. Stainless-steel implants pre-colonized for 12 h with a highly adherent S. ciurrus isolate were introduced into the rat tibiae. In animals not submitted to antibiotic treatment, infection was found in the implants and spread to bone in all cases, indicating the high efficacy of the model to reproduce osteomyelitis. The effect of a 21-day treatment with cefuroxime, vancomycin, tobramycin or ciprofloxacin on infection was studied in this model 42 days after surgery. Bone colonization WRS inhibited by vancomycin and cefuroxime. Cefuroxime (the most efficient antibiotic, able to sterilize 1 out of 8 implants) reduced the number of bacteria in biofilms adhered to implants at a higher extent than vancomycin, trobramyciri and ciprofloxacin. Analogous observations were made in this work in vivo and in vitro on the relative antibiotic efficacy against S. CIUWUS biofilm bacteria, suggesting the usefulness of both tests as a potential tool to study antibiotic suceptibility, and the need for new antimicrobials against these bacteria.

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“…The difficulty in eradicating a chronic infection associated with slime formation has been reported, and slime-producing bacteria has been shown to resist higher antibiotic concentrations than non-slime-producing bacteria (Gristina et al 1987). Moreover, detection of resistance to oxacillin in staphylococci is important to guide the therapy and prevent the patient from being unnecessarily treated with vancomycin, which is an antimicrobial agent that presents therapeutic complications, high costs, and may lead to the selection of resistant mutants (Marshall et al 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Slime production and antibiotic susceptibility in staphylococci isolated from clinical samples

Arslan

Özkardeş

2007

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Slime production is considered to be a significant virulence factor for some strains of staphylococci (Christensen et al. 1982, Davenport et al. 1986, Kleeman et al. 1993, Ammendolia et al. 1999, Mack et al. 2000. In coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), a loosely bound exopolysaccharides layer (slime) has been found in addition to capsule, and it has been associated with sepsis, including intravenous-catheter-related bacteremia and other prosthetic device infections (Ishak et al. 1985, Diaz-Mitoma et al. 1987, Etienne et al. 1988, Rupp & Archer 1994.Similarly, Staphylococcus aureus strains have bacterial capsules, which are closely associated with the bacterial cell wall. These strains may also have an extracapsular and labile extrapolysaccharidic structure (Caputy & Costerton 1982). Formerly slime production of S. aureus has never been considered as a virulence factor. Recently, some investigators reported that slimeproducing S. aureus strains had a higher colonization capacity than its non-slime-producing variants did. Therefore, S. aureus slime may play a role in the establishment of infection (Baselga et al. 1993, Ammendolia et al. 1999.The importance of the role played by slime is further increased by its frequent association to reduced antibiotic susceptibility (Kloos & Bannerman 1994). The difficulty in eradicating a chronic infection associated with slime formation has been reported, and slime-producing bacteria has been shown to resist higher antibiotic concentrations than non-slime-producing bacteria (Gristina et al. 1987). Moreover, detection of resistance to oxacillin in staphylococci is important to guide the therapy and prevent the patient from being unnecessarily treated with vancomycin, which is an antimicrobial agent that presents therapeutic complications, high costs, and may lead to the selection of resistant mutants (Marshall et al. 1999).In this study, we wanted to evaluate the occurrence of slime production among clinical isolates of both CNS and S. aureus by comparing different methods. To assess the relationship between slime and pathogenicity, we investigated the susceptibility to certain antimicrobial agents, particularly oxacillin. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial isolates -One hundred eighty seven staphylococcal isolates, provided by hospital laboratory, were obtained from culture of several specimens; 117 isolated from throat and nasal swabs, 32 from wounds, 21 from urine, 9 from blood, and 8 from catheters. Table I shows distribution of species and clinical samples in the 187 staphylococcal strains. These staphylococcal strains, specifically 115 S. aureus strains, 34 S. epidermidis strains, eight S. chromogenes strains, eight S. hominis strains, three S. saprophyticus strains, one S. lugdunensis strain, one S. capitis strain, one S. haemolyticus strain, one S. warneri strain, one S. cohnii subsp. cohnii strain, isolated from diverse clinical sources were studied. Isolates were characterized at the species level by the API Staph system (Biomerieux, France) according to the instruc...

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Adhesive colonization of biomaterials and antibiotic resistance

Cited by 265 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of subinhibitory concentration of piperacillin/tazobactam on Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Effect of subinhibitory concentration of piperacillin/tazobactam on Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A simple infection model using pre‐colonized implants to reproduce rat chronic Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis and study antibiotic treatment

Slime production and antibiotic susceptibility in staphylococci isolated from clinical samples

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