Adhesive capability of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v is important for preventing bacterial translocation in endotoxemic rats

Abstract

The preventive effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on bacterial translocation (BT) and the role of adhesion were studied in septic rats. Five groups of rats were pretreated as follows: negative and positive control groups received regular drinking water; the oatmeal group received drinking water mixed with oatmeal; the Lp 299v group received drinking water mixed with oatmeal containing 10(9) colony-forming units (CFU) L. plantarum 299v/ml; the Lp 299v-adh(-) group received drinking water with oatmeal containing 10(9) CFU/ml of modified L. plantarum 299v (L. plantarum 299v-adh(-)) lacking adhesive properties to enterocytes. On day 8, all rats except the negative control group were given lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intraperitoneally. After 24 h, mesenteric lymph node (MLN), liver and ileum were harvested for culture. Incidence of BT after LPS challenge was 25% and 88% in MLN and liver, respectively. BT increased to 75% in MLN and 100% in liver of endotoxemic rats pretreated with oatmeal. Pretreatment with L. plantarum 299v reduced BT to 0% and 12% in MLN and liver, respectively. L. plantarum 299v-adh(-) did not prevent BT to MLN. Flow cytometry revealed reduced adherence of these bacteria to intestinal epithelial cells compared to L. plantarum 299v. Thus, L. plantarum 299v prevents BT in septic rats, an effect probably dependent on bacterial adherence to the intestinal mucosa. Further, our findings indicate that oatmeal (prebiotics) without probiotics does not prevent BT during sepsis.

Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus plantarum strains downregulate proinflammatory genes in an ex vivo system of cultured human colonic mucosa

“…Also a nonadherent spontaneous mutant of L. plantarum 299v (LP(A -)) has been included in this study, which had lost the ability to agglutinate Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in a mannosesensitive manner and showed reduced adherence to intestinal epithelial cells. In a rat model, LP strain prevented bacterial translocation through the intestinal gut barrier, whereas the mutant strain LP(A -) could not do it (Mangell et al 2006). Results reported here will show that these probiotic strains restore homeostasis after PMA/IO stimulation and decrease signaling events occurring during T cell activation.…”

“…These strains were selected because they displayed in vivo immunomodulatory activity and showed high adhesion ability to extracellular matrix proteins and intestinal tissue (Mangell et al 2006;Muñoz-Provencio et al 2009;Rochat et al 2007;Schultz et al 2002). Also a nonadherent spontaneous mutant of L. plantarum 299v (LP(A -)) has been included in this study, which had lost the ability to agglutinate Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in a mannosesensitive manner and showed reduced adherence to intestinal epithelial cells.…”

Lactobacillus plantarum 299v Does Not Reduce Enteric Bacteria or Bacterial Translocation in Patients Undergoing Colon Resection

“…This is one reason why probiotic bacteria, i.e., living microorganisms with beneficial effects on the host [1], have gained increased interest in the last decade. Probiotics have been found to reduce BT in animal experiments [2][3][4]. However, clinical studies have been controversial.…”

Prebiotics in Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

“…68,69 In contrast, Osman et al 70 showed a reduction of bacterial translocation to the liver in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats fed oligofructose, whereas bacterial translocation was increased using a combination of oligofructose, inulin, and B. infantis DSM 15158. Mangell et al 71 showed that Lactobacillus plantarum 299v reduced bacterial translocation to liver and mesenteric lymph nodes in rats, whereas prebiotics (oatmeal) did not prevent this. However, increased bacterial translocation was not found in synbiotic-treated patients (n = 72) compared to placebo-treated patients in elective surgery patients.…”