Adhesion of Nongerminated Botrytis cinerea Conidia to Several Substrata

Abstract

Conidia of the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea adhered to tomato cuticle and to certain other substrata immediately upon hydration. This immediate adhesion occurred with both living and nonliving conidia. Adhesion was not consistently influenced by several lectins, sugars, or salts or by protease treatment, but it was strongly inhibited by ionic or nonionic detergents. With glass and oxidized polyethylene, substrata whose surface hydrophobicities could be conveniently varied, there was a direct relationship between water contact angle and percent adhesion. Immediate adhesion did not involve specific conidial attachment structures, although the surfaces of attached conidia were altered by contact with a substratum. Freshly harvested conidia were very hydrophobic, with more than 97% partitioning into the organic layer when subjected to a phase distribution test. Percent adhesion of germinated conidia was larger than that of nongerminated conidia. Evidence suggests that immediate adhesion of conidia of B. cinerea depends, at least in part, on hydrophobic interactions between the conidia and substratum.

Surfactant effects on wettability of Penicillium frequentans formulations to improve brown rot biocontrol

“…31 The adhesion of Pf909 conidia depended on the nature of the surface. 5 Pf909 conidial adhesion could be due to hydrophobic interactions, similar to those described for Botrytis cinerea, 32 and fungal entomopathogenic deuteromycetes. 33 The conidial adhesion of Bipolaris sorokiniana, B. cinerea, Colletotrichum graminicola, and Uromyces viciae-fabae appeared to be selective to hydrophobic surfaces as no adhesion was observed to hydrophilic glass surfaces.…”

“…33 The conidial adhesion of Bipolaris sorokiniana, B. cinerea, Colletotrichum graminicola, and Uromyces viciae-fabae appeared to be selective to hydrophobic surfaces as no adhesion was observed to hydrophilic glass surfaces. 30,32,[34][35][36][37] The relationship between spore germination and surface wettability has been investigated in some other studies where it was shown that conidia of C. graminicola 38 or Phyllosticta ampelicida 39 seldom germinate with deficient contact with a hard surface, whereas spores of Colletotrichum lagenarium germinate independently of the contact with surfaces. 40 Pf909 conidial adhesion was enhanced when 15 g kg −1 carboxymethyl-cellulose, or 15 g kg −1 gelatin were added to formulations.…”

Hindering biofilm formation with zosteric acid

“…In particular, the molecule did not affect fungal spore adhesion on the hydrophilic surface. Preferences for hydrophobic surfaces have been extensively observed for spores of several plant pathogens including Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum (Doss et al 1993;Amiri et al 2005). This is not surprising as the aerial surfaces of the plants are hydrophobic (Koch et al 2009).…”

Composition of alkyl esters in the cuticular wax on inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis thaliana cer mutants

“…The most important physiological function of the waxes is to limit non‐stomatal water loss, but they are also of ecological importance as they form the interface between plants and their environment. The water‐repellent cuticular waxes guard leaf, stem, flower and fruit surfaces from the accumulation of particles from the atmosphere (Saunders, 1971), and also keep them dry (Holloway, 1970), thus preventing the germination of pathogen spores (Doss et al. , 1993).…”