Adhesion of<i>Aeromonas</i>sp. to cell lines used as models for intestinal adhesion

Kirov, SM; Hayward, Laura J.; Nerrie, M. A.

doi:10.1017/s0950268800058623

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The Caco-2 cell line used in this study has been shown to be a suitable model to assess the interaction of Aeromonas with GI epithelium of humans (24). Our results were in agreement with previously reported findings that Aeromonas strains readily adhere to the Caco-2 cell monolayer (25).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Interaction of Aeromonas Strains with Lactic Acid Bacteria via Caco-2 Cells

Hatje

Neuman

Katouli

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The genus Aeromonas includes some species that have now been identified as human pathogens of significant medical importance. We investigated the ability of 13 selected Aeromonas strains belonging to nine species isolated from clinical cases (n ‫؍‬ 5), environmental waters (n ‫؍‬ 5), and fish (n ‫؍‬ 3) to adhere to and translocate Caco-2 cells in the absence and presence of two lactic acid bacteria (LAB), i.e., Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium breve. Aeromonas isolates were also assessed for their cytotoxicity, the presence of virulence genes, and hemolysin production. Among the clinical isolates, one strain of Aeromonas veronii biovar veronii and two strains of Aeromonas hydrophila carried cytotoxin (act), heat-labile toxin (alt), hemolysin (hlyA), and aerolysin (aerA) genes, were cytotoxic to Vero cells, produced hemolysin, and showed higher adherence to Caco-2 cells. In contrast, this was seen in only one environmental strain, a strain of A. veronii biovar sobria. When Aeromonas strains were coinoculated with LAB onto Caco-2 cells, their level of adhesion was reduced. However, their rate of translocation in the presence of LAB increased and was significantly (P < 0.05) higher among fish strains. We suggest that either the interaction between Aeromonas and LAB strains could have a detrimental effect on the Caco-2 cells, allowing the Aeromonas to translocate more readily, or the presence of the LAB stimulated the Aeromonas strains to produce more toxins and/or increase their translocation rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Interaction of Aeromonas Strains with Lactic Acid Bacteria via Caco-2 Cells

Hatje

Neuman

Katouli

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Adherence to cell lines was determined as described elsewhere, with minor modifications (14). In brief, bacterial colonies from overnight TSAY plates were resuspended in MEM and adjusted (optical density at 570 nm [OD 570 ]) to approximately 10 7 CFU/ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeromonas Flagella (Polar and Lateral) Are Enterocyte Adhesins That Contribute to Biofilm Formation on Surfaces

2004

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Aeromonas spp. (gram-negative, aquatic bacteria which include enteropathogenic strains) have two distinct flagellar systems, namely a polar flagellum for swimming in liquid and multiple lateral flagella for swarming over surfaces. Only ϳ60% of mesophilic strains can produce lateral flagella. To evaluate flagellar contributions to Aeromonas intestinal colonization, we compared polar and lateral flagellar mutant strains of a diarrheal isolate of Aeromonas caviae for the ability to adhere to the intestinal cell lines Henle 407 and Caco-2, which have the characteristic features of human intestinal enterocytes. Strains lacking polar flagella were virtually nonadherent to these cell lines, while loss of the lateral flagellum decreased adherence by ϳ60% in comparison to the wild-type level. Motility mutants (unable to swim or swarm in agar assays) had adhesion levels of ϳ50% of wild-type values, irrespective of their flagellar expression. Flagellar mutant strains were also evaluated for the ability to form biofilms in a borosilicate glass tube model which was optimized for Aeromonas spp. (broth inoculum, with a 16-to 20-h incubation at 37°C). All flagellar mutants showed a decreased ability to form biofilms (at least 30% lower than the wild type). For the chemotactic motility mutant cheA, biofilm formation decreased >80% from the wild-type level. The complementation of flagellar phenotypes (polar flagellar mutants) restored biofilms to wild-type levels. We concluded that both flagellar types are enterocyte adhesins and need to be fully functional for optimal biofilm formation.Aeromonas bacteria (aeromonads) comprise a complex genus of at least 14 recognized DNA hybridization groups (HG), or genomospecies (1). Representatives of these species are found in most aquatic environments and are common contaminants of many retail foods. Aeromonads colonize and form biofilms in water distribution and food-processing systems as well as on water-dwelling plants and animals (e.g., fish, leeches, and frogs). They are significant pathogens of reptiles, amphibians, and fish and are isolated as part of the fecal floras of a wide variety of other animals, including some used for human consumption, such as pigs, cows, sheep, and poultry. In humans, members of the genus cause water-associated wound infections and serious opportunistic infections (e.g., septicemia and meningitis) in immunocompromised individuals. Some strains, particularly of the species Aeromonas hydrophila (HG1), Aeromonas veronii bv. Sobria (HG8/10), and Aeromonas caviae (HG4), are also enteropathogens that cause diarrhea and dysenteric infections in children, the elderly and immunocompromised, and travelers in the summer (9, 11, 12).Little is yet known about how aeromonads adapt to colonize such a variety of inert and host cell surfaces.A greater understanding of Aeromonas-host colonization mechanisms is needed, as at present it is not possible to identify strains in foods and water that are of public health significance. A type IV pilus ("bundle-forming pilus") has b...

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“…Adhesion of bacteria to HEp-2 epithelial cells, Henle 407 intestinal cells, and fresh human intestinal tissue was assessed by bright-field microscopy (8,27,29). In brief, 1-ml aliquots of 5 ϫ 10 6 CFU were inoculated onto the semiconfluent coverslip cultures of the cell lines grown in Eagle minimal essential medium containing 5 to 10% fetal calf serum (MEM-FCS) or onto fresh samples of intestinal tissue in MEM-FCS in 24-well tissue culture plates.…”

Section: Purification Of Pilimentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Role of Type IV Aeromonas Pilus (Tap) in the Pathogenesis of Aeromonas Gastrointestinal Infection

et al. 2000

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Although there is substantial evidence that type IV pili purified from diarrhea-associated Aeromonas species (designated Bfp for bundle-forming pilus) are intestinal colonization factors (S. M. Kirov, L. A. O'Donovan, and K. Sanderson, Infect. Immun. 67:5447-5454, 1999), nothing is known regarding the function of a second family of Aeromonas type IV pili (designated Tap for type IV Aeromonas pilus), identified following the cloning of a pilus biogenesis gene cluster tapABCD. Related pilus gene clusters are widely conserved among gramnegative bacteria, but their significance for virulence has been controversial. To investigate the role of Tap pili in Aeromonas pathogenesis, mutants of Aeromonas strains (a fish isolate of A. hydrophila and a human dysenteric isolate of A. veronii bv. sobria) were prepared by insertional inactivation of the tapA gene which encodes the type IV pilus subunit protein, TapA. Exotoxic activities were unaffected by the mutation in tapA. Inactivation of tapA had no effect on the bacterial adherence of these two isolates to HEp-2 cells. For the A. veronii bv. sobria isolate, adhesion to Henle 407 intestinal cells and to human intestinal tissue was also unaffected. There was no significant effect on the duration of colonization or incidence of diarrhea when the A. veronii bv. sobria strain was tested in the removable intestinal tie adult rabbit diarrhea model or on its ability to colonize infant mice. Evidence was obtained that demonstrated that TapA was expressed by both Aeromonas species and was present on the cell surface, although if assembled into pili this pilus type appears to be an uncommon one under standard bacterial growth conditions. Further studies into factors which may influence Tap expression are required, but the present study suggests that Tap pili may not be as significant as Bfp pili for Aeromonas intestinal colonization.

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Adhesion ofAeromonassp. to cell lines used as models for intestinal adhesion

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Interaction of Aeromonas Strains with Lactic Acid Bacteria via Caco-2 Cells

Interaction of Aeromonas Strains with Lactic Acid Bacteria via Caco-2 Cells

Aeromonas Flagella (Polar and Lateral) Are Enterocyte Adhesins That Contribute to Biofilm Formation on Surfaces

Investigation of the Role of Type IV Aeromonas Pilus (Tap) in the Pathogenesis of Aeromonas Gastrointestinal Infection

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