Adhesion-Increased Carbon Nanowalls for the Electrodes of Energy Storage Systems

Choi, Hyeokjoo; Kwon, Seokhun; Kang, Hyunil; Kim, Jung Hyun; Choi, Wonseok

doi:10.3390/en12244759

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This assumption is confirmed by the presence of the D + G band (2940 cm −1 ) and 2D-band (3180 cm −1 ), which is consistent with the high electrical conductivity and the elevated electrochemical response of MEA-CNW. The I 2D /I G peak intensity ratio of 0.55 is typical for multi-layer graphene structures, in agreement with the literature [37,38].…”

Section: Structural Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Carbon-Nanowall Microporous Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

et al. 2022

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The cathode microporous layer (MPL), as one of the key components of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC), requires specialized carbon materials to ensure the two-phase flow and interfacial effects. In this respect, we designed a novel MPL based on highly hydrophobic carbon nanowalls (CNW). Employing plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition techniques directly on carbon paper, we produced high-quality microporous layers at a competitive yield-to-cost ratio with distinctive MPL properties: high porosity, good stability, considerable durability, high hydrophobicity, and substantial conductivity. The specific morphological and structural properties were determined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Thermo-gravimetric analysis was employed to study the nanostructures’ thermal stability and contact angle measurements were performed on the CNW substrate to study the hydrophobic character. Platinum ink, serving as a fuel cell catalyst, was sprayed directly onto the MPLs and incorporated in the FC assembly by hot-pressing against a polymeric membrane to form the membrane-electrode assembly and gas diffusion layers. Single-fuel-cell testing, at moderate temperature and humidity, revealed improved power performance comparable to industrial quality membrane assemblies (500 mW cm−2 mg−1 of cathodic Pt load at 80 °C and 80% RH), with elevated working potential (0.99 V) and impeccable fuel crossover for a low-cost system.

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Section: Structural Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Carbon-Nanowall Microporous Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

et al. 2022

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“…The ratio between I D and I G , calculated as the ratio of the area intensities of the respective peaks, gives information 3 Journal of Nanomaterials about the disorder degree of the structure [33][34][35]; if this ratio is larger than 1, then the density of defects is high. For this study, the evaluated value of I D /I G was 1.46, while the value of I 2D /I G was 0.16, which is less than 1, typical for multilayer graphene structures [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

On the Structural, Morphological, and Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanowalls Obtained by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Vizireanu

Stoica

et al. 2020

Journal of Nanomaterials

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In this study, we investigated the morphological, structural, and electrical properties of carbon nanowall (CNW) structures obtained by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) and underlined the induced effects of argon/nitrogen (Ar/N2) postsynthesis plasma treatment on the electrical behaviour. The top view and cross-section scanning electron microscopy micrographs revealed that the fabricated samples are about 18 μm height, and the edges are less than 10 nm. The Raman analysis showed the presence of the specific peaks of graphene-based materials, i.e., D-band, G-band, D′-band, 2D-band, and D+G-band. The average values of the electrical resistance of fabricated samples were evaluated by current-voltage characteristics acquired at room temperature, in the ranges of 0 V–0.2 V, and an increase was noticed with about 50% after the Ar/N2 postsynthesis plasma treatment compared to pristine samples. Moreover, the Hall measurements proved that the obtained CNW structures had p-type conductivity (Hall coefficient was 0.206 m3/C), and the concentration of charge carriers was 7.8×1019 cm-3, at room temperature.

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“…In particular, the dark grey color is the glass substrate, the thin black layer is the gap and a thin intermediate layer is the carbon layer. This phenomenon is thought to be caused by the low adherence to the glass substrate of the CNWs [16] as well as the influence of low growth temperature. Figure 2 shows the surface FE-SEM images of the grown CNWs after Ni or Ti were deposited on the glass substrates.…”

Section: Surface and Structural Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Properties of Carbon Nanowalls on Nickel and Titanium Interlayers

et al. 2022

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This research is conducted in order to investigate the structural and electrical characteristics of carbon nanowalls (CNWs) according to the sputtering time of interlayers. The thin films were deposited through RF magnetron sputtering with a 4-inch target (Ni and Ti) on the glass substrates, and the growth times of the deposition were 5, 10, and 30 min. Then, a microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system was used to grow CNWs on the interlayer-coated glass substrates by using a mixture of H2 and CH4 gases. The FE-SEM analysis of the cross-sectional and planar images confirmed that the thickness of interlayers linearly increased according to the deposition time. Furthermore, CNWs grown on the Ni interlayer were taller and denser than those grown on the Ti interlayer. Hall measurement applied to measure sheet resistance and conductivity confirmed that the electrical efficiency improved significantly as the Ni or Ti interlayers were used. Additionally, UV-Vis spectroscopy was also used to analyze the variations in light transmittance; CNWs synthesized on Ni-coated glass have lower average transmittance than those synthesized on Ti-coated glass. Based on this experiment, it was found that the direct growth of CNW was possible on the metal layer and the CNWs synthesized on Ni interlayers showed outstanding structural and electrical characterizations than the remaining interlayer type.

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Adhesion-Increased Carbon Nanowalls for the Electrodes of Energy Storage Systems

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Carbon-Nanowall Microporous Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Carbon-Nanowall Microporous Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

On the Structural, Morphological, and Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanowalls Obtained by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition

Growth Properties of Carbon Nanowalls on Nickel and Titanium Interlayers

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