Adhesion after erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser application at three different irradiation conditions

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate whether distinct cooling of low fluence erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation would influence adhesion. Main factors tested were: substrates (two), irradiation conditions (three), and adhesives (three). A 750 microm diameter tip was used, for 50 s, 1 mm from the surface, with a 0.25 W power output, 20 Hz, energy density of 2.8 J/cm(2) with energy per pulse of 12.5 mJ. When applied, water delivery rate was 11 ml/min. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that laser conditioning significantly decreased the bond strength of all adhesive systems applied on enamel. On dentin, laser conditioning significantly reduced bond strength of etch-and-rinse and one-step self-etch systems; however, laser irradiation under water cooling did not alter bonding of two-step self-etching. It may be concluded that the irradiation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 2.8 J/cm(2) with water coolant was responsible for a better adhesion to dentin, while enamel irradiation reduced bond strength, irrespective of cooling conditions.

The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation on microtensile bond strength of composite resin restoration

“…11,18,20) Recently the pulsed erbium laser, Er,Cr:YSGG laser has been advocated for hard and soft tissue ablation. 12,19) However, there has been a growing debate on the use of laser for cavity preparation and for conditioning enamel and dentin because of the conflicting effect on the bond strength of composite resin restoration. According to some studies, 10,11,[19][20][21] lasers may be used to facilitate adhesion between the tooth structure and the restorative material.…”

“…Previous studies [10][11][12][13] on the effects of erbium laser irradiation on bonding procedures are somewhat controversial.…”

“…On the other hand, some authors 12,13) indicated a significant deterioration of bond strength of composite restorative materials. Botta et al 12) reported that Er,Cr:YSGG laser conditioning on dentin significantly reduced bond strength of etch-and-rinse and onestep self-etch systems.…”

“…Botta et al 12) reported that Er,Cr:YSGG laser conditioning on dentin significantly reduced bond strength of etch-and-rinse and onestep self-etch systems. Also, Armengol et al 13) reported that Er:YAG and Nd:YAP laser preparation did not improve bonding using three-step total-etching system to enamel and dentin because laser treatment probably modified the surface energy of enamel and dentin, providing surfaces less suitable for adhesive resin.…”

Effect of different root caries treatments on the sealing ability of conventional glass ionomer cement restorations

“…Some studies have shown that even after etching by an acid or self-etching agent, the bond strength of irradiated permanent and deciduous dentin is lower than that of regular acid-etched dentin [8][9][10]. However, different results have been found in other studies, making this a controversial issue [11][12][13][14][15].…”