Adherence to the Spanish dietary guidelines and its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study

Molina‐Montes, Esther; Uzhova, Irina; Molina‐Portillo, Elena; Huerta, José María; Buckland, Genevieve; Amiano, Pilar; Menéndez, Virginia; Barricarte, Aurelio; González, Carlos A.; Sánchez, María‐José

doi:10.1017/s1368980014000688

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Changes in food choices were consistent with results from other studies in which higher diet quality scores reflected lower consumption of meat [5,65,66], alcohol [33,67] and discretionary food items [29,31]. The observed increased consumption of fruit (found with APDQS and DQT), non-starchy vegetables (found with DQT), tomato and other vegetables (found with APDQS) was also congruent with other studies associating higher intakes of vegetables and fruits associated with high diet quality [65,66].…”

Section: Changes In Food Choicessupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Several reviews [12,14,[23][24][25][26][27] have identified multiple DQIs that vary in design and the referent food or nutrient characteristics. DQIs tend to be applied in epidemiological studies to establish diet-disease links, characterise patterns of food consumption or evaluate adherence to country-specific dietary guidelines [28][29][30][31]. Characteristically, they are developed with reference to dietary guidelines, utilising an a priori approach [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in diet quality during a 12 month weight loss randomised controlled trial

et al. 2017

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Section: Changes In Food Choicessupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in diet quality during a 12 month weight loss randomised controlled trial

et al. 2017

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“…Obese individuals consume larger quantities of food than normal individuals 36,37 and are less prone to changes in dietary behaviour 38 . Obesity levels are inversely associated with adherence to guidelines 39,40 , suggesting that obese subjects might be less prone to adhere to healthy eating and thus to prevent diet-related diseases.…”

Section: Determinants Of Change In Compliance To Dietary Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and determinants of change in compliance to dietary guidelines in a Swiss community-dwelling sample

Schuh¹,

Pellanda

Guessous

et al. 2018

Preventive Medicine

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Adherence to dietary guidelines is associated with significantly better health outcomes. Studies across the world shows that compliance with the guidelines was low, but data in Switzerland are lacking. Hence, we aimed to assess the 5-year trends in dietary compliance regarding food guidelines in Switzerland in a prospective, population-based observational study. Data from 2882 participants (1591 women, 35-75 years), from the first (2009-2012) and second (2014-2017) follow-up. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Compliance with the guidelines of the Swiss society of nutrition was assessed at baseline and 5.5 years afterwards. Prevalence rates for compliance were calculated using the exact Poisson method. Factors associated with changes in compliance (never, shifter or maintainer) were assessed by multinomial logistic regression using "Never compliers" as reference. Overall, improvements in compliance to fruits (42.4% to 45.1%) vegetables (6.9% to 8.6%) and fish (66.6% to 60.5%) were found, while compliance to meat decreased (61.1% to 58.5%). The prevalence of participants complying with at least three dietary recommendations did not change (24.1% to 25.2%). During follow-up, only 11.6% of participants maintained compliance to at least three dietary recommendations, and 62.4% never managed to comply. Female gender and older age were associated with maintaining compliance during the two study periods. In conclusion, compliance with dietary guidelines is a dynamic status, and only a small fraction of the population achieves sustained compliance with at least three guidelines. Almost two thirds of the population never achieve compliance with three guidelines.

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“…Nevertheless, the percentage of TCC from simple sugars was above the recommendations [18,19], which is described that, independently the mechanisms by which the sugar intake might promote weight gain by increasing energy consumption to an extent that exceeds energy output and distorts energy balance [32], the increased consumption of simple sugar increase hyperinsulinaemia [33]. In addition, total fiber was less than previously described in same region population [30,34], and soluble fiber in particular was below the recommendations [35,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Healthy dietary pattern and their corresponding gut microbiota profile are linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, independent of the presence of obesity

et al. 2020

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Background: Prediabetes and old age are both high risk factors for developing Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), while obesity is one of the most important factors triggering the disease. Nutritional interventions are the most effective tool for preventing T2D, as they improve different biochemical and anthropometric outcomes and growth-promoting/inhibiting gut microbiota populations. However, to date there are no specific dietary recommendations to stop the development of T2D in elderly groups, for whom hypocaloric diets and other commonly used weight-loss programs could be considered dangerous. The objective of our study, thus, was to understand the impact of dietary patterns on T2D risk as related to gut microbiota profile in obese and non-obese elderly prediabetic subjects. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 182 subjects !65 years old with prediabetes, divided into obese (OB) or non-obese (NOB) subgroups, and their risk of developing T2D was measured according to FINDRISK score and biochemical parameters. Also, clusters into different dietary patterns in each group by PCA analysis was related with gut microbiota, which was analyzed from stool samples by qPCR. The creation of clusters was used to re-evaluate T2D risk. Results: OB was at higher risk of developing T2D and showed worse metabolic outcomes. Unhealthier and healthier dietary pattern clusters were observed for both OB (OB-6 and OB-5 respectively) and NOB (NOB-2 and NOB-3 respectively) groups. Results obtained from the gut microbiota showed that only Prevotella was higher in NOB, but when comparisons were made between clusters, a clear relation with dietary pattern was observed; showing in healthier dietary clusters a decrease in Prevotella, an increase of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and an increase in lactic acid bacteria. T2D risk was greater in the obese group between unhealthier dietary clusters. No difference between healthier dietary clusters was observed. Conclusion: A healthy dietary pattern and the growth-promoting beneficial and growth-inhibiting disadvantageous gut microbiota populations linked to it provide protection against the development of T2D in an obese population with advanced age and preDM.

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Adherence to the Spanish dietary guidelines and its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study

Abstract: These findings support that the Spanish dietary guidelines might be an effective tool for obesity prevention. However, prospective studies investigating this association are warranted.

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Changes in diet quality during a 12 month weight loss randomised controlled trial

Changes in diet quality during a 12 month weight loss randomised controlled trial

Trends and determinants of change in compliance to dietary guidelines in a Swiss community-dwelling sample

Healthy dietary pattern and their corresponding gut microbiota profile are linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, independent of the presence of obesity

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