Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in children and adolescents: A systematic review

Idelson, Paola Iaccarino; Scalfi, Luca; Valerio, Giuliana

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2017.01.002

Cited by 220 publications

(196 citation statements)

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“…However, among 33 studies analyzing gender differences in MD adherence, only 7 studies were able to significantly spot it, and 6 out of 7 reported a higher adherence in girls [28]. In the studied population, the mean MD score (6.5) was higher than that observed in the most recent studies carried out in Italy [28]. Ferranti and colleagues [25] found a mean MD adherence of 4.3 in a population of more than 1500 adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weight Status Is Related with Gender and Sleep Duration but Not with Dietary Habits and Physical Activity in Primary School Italian Children

et al. 2017

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The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children has risen greatly worldwide. Diet and poor physical activity are the two risk factors usually examined, but epidemiological evidence exists suggesting a link between sleep duration and overweight/obesity in children. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship among body mass index (BMI), diet quality, physical activity level, and sleep duration in 690 children attending the 5th grade in primary schools (9–11 years old) in the city of Parma (Italy) involved in the Giocampus educational program. This was achieved through (i) measuring anthropometric data to compute body mass index; (ii) administering a food questionnaire to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (KIDMED score); and (iii) administering a lifestyle questionnaire to classify children physical activity level (PAL), sleep duration, and school achievement. A highly significant negative association was found between BMI and sleep hours. Moreover, there was a significant positive association between PAL and KIDMED scores. No evidence was found of association between BMI and PAL, nor between BMI and KIDMED score. Data from this study established that BMI is correlated to gender and sleep duration, defining sleep habits as one of the factors linked to overweight and obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No evidence was found of an association between BMI and MD score, in partial agreement with other studies. Actually, only 10 out of 26 papers published on the topic reported an inverse association of MD adherence with BMI values [28]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Status Is Related with Gender and Sleep Duration but Not with Dietary Habits and Physical Activity in Primary School Italian Children

et al. 2017

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“…Since diet qualitycan affect future risk of a number of chronic diseases at later ages, it is necessary to establish the reliability properties of the appropriate diet assessing tool, especially designed for young adults [14]. Most recently, one study has shown that the KIDMED questionnaire is one of the most widely used scoring systems to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet [23]. However, to the best of author’s knowledge, based on an extensive literature review, there has been no study investigating the reliability properties of the KIDMED questionnaire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reliability of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) Questionnaire

Štefan

Prosoli

Juranko³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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The purpose of the present study was to determine the test–retest reliability of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) questionnaire in college students. Two hundred and seventy-six college students (127 men, 46%; 149 women, 54%; mean age 19.70 ± 1.32 years; mean height 1.75 ± 0.09 m; mean weight 69.28 ± 13.84 kg; mean body-mas index 22.41 ± 3.19 kg/m2) participated in the study. To investigate the reliability of the KIDMED questionnaire, the participants were asked to complete the questionnaire on two occasions two weeks apart, stratified by gender. Kappa statistics showed moderate to excellent agreement (ranging from 0.504 to 0.849) in the total sample and moderate to excellent agreement in both men (ranging from 0.467 to 0.803) and women (ranging from 0.435 to 0.927). Results in the total KIDMED score showed a moderate correlation between two occasions inthe total sample (κ = 0.597, p < 0.001) and in women (κ = 0.586, p < 0.001) and a good correlation in men (κ = 0.611, p < 0.001). Our study shows that the KIDMED questionnaire is a reliable instrument for assessing adherence to the Mediterranean diet in college students. Future studies should focus on investigating the reliability of the questionnaire in other countries and in different age groups for generating comparable data.

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“…The average score for the KIDMED index was 5.63±2.87 out of a maximum score of 12, while for parents the average value was 5.93±1.68 out of a maximum score of 9 (Table 1). In a very recent review conducted by Idelson et al (2017) it was confirmed that the KIDMED index has been widely used as a scoring system to evaluate the diet quality of children and adolescents. MD adherence widely varied within Mediterranean countries, with large differences also existing among various European countries, while few data are available for non-Mediterranean countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%