Adherence to the “Mediterranean Diet” in Spain and Its Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk (DIMERICA Study)

Alemán, José Abellán; Rentero, María Pilar Zafrilla; Montoro-García, Silvia; Mulero, Juana; Garrido, Alfonso Pérez; Leal, M.; Guerrero, L.; Ramos, Elena; Ruilope, Luís M.

doi:10.3390/nu8110680

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the present study, there were no significant differences according to region (north vs. south) in terms of overall MEDAS score. The present findings contradict those previously reported by Abellán Alemán et al [ 20 ], which showed that South-eastern Spain had the lowest score for adherence to the MD due to low consumption of fish and plant products. A study by Bach-Faig et al [ 10 ] reported MD adherence over 20 years to be significantly higher in some southern Mediterranean regions of Spain, such as Andalusia.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Differences in Mediterranean Diet Adherence between Cyclists and Triathletes in a Sample of Spanish Athletes

Muros

Zabala

2018

Nutrients

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Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has rapidly declined in Mediterranean countries due to the increasing introduction of the Western diet. The aim of this study was to describe adherence to the MD within a sample of athletes from Spain. A second aim was to predict adherence to various components of the MD according to region, sex, and sport discipline. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 4037 (34.14 ± 9.28 years old) cyclists and triathletes (men: 90.1%). Participants self-reported their sex, date of birth, the number of years they had been practicing their sport, height, weight, sport discipline (cyclist, triathlon), and region. Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) was used to determine level of adherence to the MD. Women reported a higher MEDAS score and body mass index (BMI) (p ˂ 0.000) than men. Cyclists reported a lower MEDAS score (7.44, SD 2.12 vs. 7.85, SD 2.08), and older age (37.72, SD 9.67 vs. 34.54, SD 8.58) and BMI (23.74, SD 2.69) vs. 22.85, SD 2.28) than triathletes. The study showed that a large proportion of the surveyed athletic population were not meeting the MD guidelines, with particularly low consumption amongst men and cyclists. There were no regional effects. Nutritional guidelines for athletes should be individual rather than general and follow specifications identified by the present research.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Differences in Mediterranean Diet Adherence between Cyclists and Triathletes in a Sample of Spanish Athletes

Muros

Zabala

2018

Nutrients

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“…It results that the plant-based promotion is a profound outset for future Croatian public health nutrition promotion. The food group consumption of the participants had similarities to recent Spain study [ 26 ], where the researchers highlighted lower adherence to MD noticed in different parts of Spain, which is in line with the high prevalence of hypertension representing increased CVD risk. Croatia has been classified as a high-risk CVD risk country [ 11 ], and by evaluating the participants’ lipid profile we could better arrange their later nutrition and lifestyle education in order to prevent CVD development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The strengths of our study findings rely on similarities to other studies among working population on adherence to MD and lipid profile, showing that adults from northern Mediterranean part of Croatia have similar Mediterranean lifestyle habits to those from other parts of Mediterranean [ 10 , 22 , 23 , 26 ]. It is revealed that Mediterranean diet and lifestyle is more present among women, middle aged and those with medium education level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Associations between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Assessed with the MEDLIFE Index among the Working Population

Žeželj

Jovanović

Zubalj

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The adherence to the Mediterranean diet is beneficial for cardiovascular diseases prevention. The study aim is to use Mediterranean lifestyle (MEDLIFE) questionnaire for estimation of Mediterranean lifestyle habits among the working population and to establish MEDLIFE score correlation with the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. In the study has participated 366 workers from Croatia, which fulfilled MEDLIFE and validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) questionnaire. The multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between MEDLIFE index, workers’ obesity and cardiovascular diseases risk. The lowest adherence to Mediterranean lifestyle was associated to younger, low education, body fat above acceptable ranges and unfavorable lipid profile. Significant association to Mediterranean lifestyle was more among women (p = 0.002), middle aged (p = 0.02), highly physically active (p = 0.009) and those who play collective sports >2 h/w (p = 0.001), having body fat within acceptable range (p = 0.003), total cholesterol less (p = 0.03) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C) (p = 0.04) more than recommended. Inverse significant association was for high educational level (p = 0.02). The Mediterranean lifestyle adherence is associated to lower risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among studied working population. MEDLIFE index revealed that physical activity and conviviality are better ingrained among younger population but not the Mediterranean diet.

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“…Literature data and international guidelines have highlighted the health benefits linked to weight loss and physical exercise [ 23 ]. In this way, the Mediterranean diet appears to be a perfect fit for NAFLD patients, due to its efficacy on liver status leading to improvement of insulin sensitivity and lipid profile, but also for being a primary form of prevention for NAFLD-related diseases [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mediterranean Diet and Antioxidant Formulation in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Study

et al. 2017

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, characterized by liver fatty acid accumulation and fibrosis, not due to excessive alcohol consumption. Notably, nutritional habits have been reported to be implicated in the onset and severity of the hepatic damage, while the Mediterranean diet has shown beneficial effects on NAFLD. Free radicals and oxidative stress were suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD, and several data highlighted the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in its treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the Mediterranean diet, with or without an antioxidant complex supplement, in overweight patients suffering from NAFLD. In this prospective study, fifty Caucasian overweight patients were randomized into three groups (Groups A–C). A personalized moderately hypocaloric Mediterranean diet was prescribed to all patients included in the A and B groups. In addition to the diet, Group B was administered antioxidant supplementation daily and for the period of six months. Group C did not have any type of treatment. The study proved that the Mediterranean diet alone or in association with the antioxidant complex improved anthropometric parameters, lipid profile and reduced hepatic fat accumulation and liver stiffness. However, Group B patients, in which the diet was associated with antioxidant intake, showed not only a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity, but also a more consistent reduction of anthropometric parameters when compared with Group A patients. Taken together, these results support the benefit of antioxidant supplementation in overweight patients with NAFLD.

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Adherence to the “Mediterranean Diet” in Spain and Its Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk (DIMERICA Study)

Cited by 49 publications

References 35 publications

Differences in Mediterranean Diet Adherence between Cyclists and Triathletes in a Sample of Spanish Athletes

Differences in Mediterranean Diet Adherence between Cyclists and Triathletes in a Sample of Spanish Athletes

Associations between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Assessed with the MEDLIFE Index among the Working Population

Effect of Mediterranean Diet and Antioxidant Formulation in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Study

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