Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet is Associated with Better Sleep Quality in Italian Adults

Godos, Justyna; Ferri, Raffaele; Caraci, Filippo; Cosentino, F.; Castellano, Sabrina; Grosso, Giuseppe

doi:10.3390/nu11050976

Cited by 83 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…We show here that greater consumption of these foods is predictive of markers of better sleep quality, including higher sleep efficiency. These findings support associations of fruit and vegetable intake with sleep quality in cross-sectional studies [17,34], and suggest a potential for increased fruit and vegetable intake to improve sleep quality, although experimental research is needed to confirm this. The high nutrient density of fruits, vegetables, and legumes may underlie their associations with sleep quality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The current study was designed to prospectively assess whether adherence to a Mediterranean diet modified for US populations (aMed) [12] predicts habitual sleep quality in US women, who generally report more sleep-related complaints than men [22]. Additionally, given previous cross-sectional associations of foods and nutrients encouraged in an aMed diet (e.g., fruits and vegetables, unsaturated fat) with parameters of sleep quality [6,17], we aimed to assess whether aMed diet components, or their key nutrients, were associated with future sleep quality. We hypothesized that greater concordance to the aMed diet at baseline would be associated with better overall sleep quality, highlighted by shorter sleep onset latency, higher sleep efficiency, and fewer sleep disturbances, at 1-y.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research in European adults showed that compliance with a Mediterranean diet was associated with better sleep quality and lower risk for insomnia [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], but these studies were cross-sectional, precluding determination of temporality. Findings from a prospective study conducted in older Spanish adults are consistent in demonstrating that greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet is related to more favorable sleep quality and lower risk of changes in sleep duration [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Predicts Better Sleep Quality in US Women from the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

et al. 2020

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Consumption of a Mediterranean diet has been linked to better sleep health in older, European populations. However, whether this dietary pattern is predictive of sleep quality in US women, a group prone to poor sleep, is unknown. This prospective cohort study of 432 US women (20–76 y; 60% racial/ethnic minority) evaluated whether compliance with a Mediterranean diet at baseline predicted sleep quality at 1-y follow-up. Alternate Mediterranean (aMed) diet scores and habitual sleep quality were computed from the validated Block Brief Food Frequency Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Linear regression models evaluated prospective associations of the aMed diet pattern and its components with measures of sleep quality, after adjustment for age, BMI, race/ethnicity, education, and health insurance status. Higher baseline aMed scores were associated with lower PSQI scores (β = −0.30 ± 0.10, p < 0.01), indicative of better sleep quality, higher sleep efficiency (β = 1.20 ± 0.35, p < 0.001), and fewer sleep disturbances (β = −0.30 ± 0.12, p = 0.01) at 1-y. Fruit and vegetable consumption also predicted lower PSQI scores, higher sleep efficiency and fewer sleep disturbances (all p < 0.05). Higher legume intake predicted better sleep efficiency (β = 1.36 ± 0.55, p = 0.01). These findings suggest that adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern should be evaluated as a strategy to promote sleep quality in US women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Predicts Better Sleep Quality in US Women from the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

et al. 2020

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“…Studies focusing on adherence to the Mediterranean diet, quality and duration of sleep, and insomnia in older adults have been carried out [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. These authors point out improvements in sleep quality, duration, and reduced insomnia with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Chronotype, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Sexual Opinion among University Students

et al. 2020

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A person’s chronotype determines different habits, among which are eating and physical activity. Furthermore, at the university stage, social and organisational factors have a direct effect on students’ daily attitudes and habits. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is linked to better sleep quality and less social jet lag, but association with chronotype or sexual opinion remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between chronotype, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, and sexual opinion. A multicentre observational study enrolled 457 students, from the University of Castilla-La Mancha and the University of Cordoba. Sociodemographic data and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, chronotype, physical activity, and sexual opinion were collected with validated questionnaires. The study period was from December 2017 to January 2018. Our results reported that students with an evening chronotype (E-type), with evening preferences, had a lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet and showed a higher tendency towards erotophilia. E-type students reported a significantly lower intake of fruits, vegetables, pulses, cereals, and olive oil, and higher breakfast skipping. Therefore, among the measures to promote healthy habits (obesity prevention, sexual education, socialisation, etc.), chronotype and an analysis of the impact of the schedules established by the universities must be considered.

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“…Dietary (poly)phenols have been related to several potential health benefits [20]: recently, they have been hypothesized to also play a role in brain health [21,22]. We previously reported that individuals more adherent to healthy dietary patterns (i.e., the Mediterranean diet) and to a diet with low inflammatory potential were more likely to have higher sleep quality [23,24]. In the present study, we aimed to test whether total, subclasses of and individual (poly)phenols may be candidate molecules associated with sleep quality in a cohort of Italian adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Dietary (Poly)phenols Are Associated with Sleep Quality in a Cohort of Italian Adults

et al. 2020

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Background: Diet has been the major focus of attention as a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases, including mental health disorders. A large body of literature supports the hypothesis that there is a bidirectional association between sleep and diet quality, possibly via the modulation of neuro-inflammation, adult neurogenesis and synaptic and neuronal plasticity. In the present study, the association between dietary total, subclasses of and individual (poly)phenols and sleep quality was explored in a cohort of Italian adults. Methods: The demographic and dietary characteristics of 1936 adults living in southern Italy were analyzed. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were used to assess dietary intake. Data on the (poly)phenol content in foods were retrieved from the Phenol-Explorer database. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was used to measure sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to test the associations. Results: A significant inverse association between a higher dietary intake of lignans and inadequate sleep quality was found. Additionally, individuals with the highest quartile of hydroxycinnamic acid intake were less likely to have inadequate sleep quality. When individual compounds were taken into consideration, an association with sleep quality was observed for naringenin and apigenin among flavonoids, and for matairesinol among lignans. A secondary analysis was conducted, stratifying the population into normal weight and overweight/obese individuals. The findings in normal weight individuals showed a stronger association between certain classes of, subclasses of and individual compounds and sleep quality. Notably, nearly all individual compounds belonging to the lignan class were inversely associated with inadequate sleep quality. In the overweight/obese individuals, there were no associations between any dietary (poly)phenol class and sleep quality. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that a higher dietary intake of certain (poly)phenols may be associated with better sleep quality among adult individuals.

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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet is Associated with Better Sleep Quality in Italian Adults

Cited by 83 publications

References 82 publications

A Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Predicts Better Sleep Quality in US Women from the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

A Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Predicts Better Sleep Quality in US Women from the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

Associations between Chronotype, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Sexual Opinion among University Students

Specific Dietary (Poly)phenols Are Associated with Sleep Quality in a Cohort of Italian Adults

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