Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern reduces the risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Tangestani, Hadith; Salari-Moghaddam, Asma; Ghalandari, Hamid; Emamat, Hadi

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.02.002

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our systematic search identified 48 meta-analyses or narrative reviews 25 , 26 , 59 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 that assessed validity of these dietary metrics against health outcomes ( figure 2 ). These reports included 126 dietary metric-health outcome relationships for 13 of the 19 dietary metrics.…”

Section: Dietary Metric Reliability and Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining diet quality: a synthesis of dietary quality metrics and their validity for the double burden of malnutrition

Miller

Webb

Micha

et al. 2020

The Lancet Planetary Health

132

134

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Summary Achieving most of the UN Sustainable Development Goals requires a strong focus on addressing the double burden of malnutrition, which includes both diet-related maternal and child health (MCH) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Although, the most optimal dietary metric for assessing malnutrition remains unclear. Our aim was to review available global dietary quality metrics (hereafter referred to as dietary metrics) and evidence for their validity to assess MCH and NCD outcomes, both separately and together. A systematic search of PubMed was done to identify meta-analyses or narrative reviews evaluating validity of diet metrics in relation to nutrient adequacy or health outcomes. We identified seven dietary metrics aiming to address MCH and 12 for NCDs, no dietary metrics addressed both together. Four NCD dietary metrics (Mediterranean Diet Score, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, Healthy Eating Index, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) had convincing evidence of protective associations with specific NCD outcomes, mainly mortality, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and total cancer. The remaining NCD dietary metrics and all MCH dietary metrics were not convincingly validated against MCH or NCD health outcomes. None of the dietary metrics had been validated against both MCH and NCD outcomes. These findings highlight major gaps in assessing and addressing diet to achieve global targets and effective policy action.

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Section: Dietary Metric Reliability and Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining diet quality: a synthesis of dietary quality metrics and their validity for the double burden of malnutrition

Miller

Webb

Micha

et al. 2020

The Lancet Planetary Health

132

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Although high consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and low omega-6 fatty acids/omega-3 fatty acids ratio was found to be associated with a low risk of breast, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, colorectal, and upper aero-digestive tract cancers 13,[64][65][66][67][68] , there is no enough evidence to suggest a significant relationship between the consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and cancer risk 69,70 . Despite the controversial findings of previous studies, there is some evidence that low-fat diets may reduce the incidence of some common cancers 16,20,71,72 . The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) also recommends limiting the consumption of foods high in fat to prevent weight gain, overweight, and obesity, and therefore prevent obesity-related cancers 13 .…”

Section: Dietary Fatmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…For instance, cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts 23 , vegetables rich in carotenoids such as carrots, sweet potatoes, and green leafy vegetables 24,25 , onions, and garlic 26 are well known for their anti-cancer effects. Increased fruit intake has also been shown in meta-analyses to be associated with a lower risk of colorectal 20 , stomach, esophageal, lung, 13 , breast 10 , pancreatic cancers 21 . For example, a systematic review conducted by Aune et al revealed inverse associations between the intake of citrus fruits, dried fruits, tinned fruits, and fruit juice, and cancer risk 27 .…”

Section: Diet Components Which Probably Reduce Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Evidence-based recommendations released by various international organizations suggest that intake of primarily plantbased foods such as vegetables, fruits, pulses, and whole grains plays an important role in cancer prevention 1,13 . Several metaanalyses have shown significant associations between higher vegetable consumption and reduced risk of many cancers, including oral cavity, esophagus, pharynx, and larynx cancers 13 , as well as breast 10 , ovarian 19 , colorectal 20 , pancreatic 21 , and liver cancers 22 . For instance, cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts 23 , vegetables rich in carotenoids such as carrots, sweet potatoes, and green leafy vegetables 24,25 , onions, and garlic 26 are well known for their anti-cancer effects.…”

Section: Diet Components Which Probably Reduce Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet, weight status, and physical activity in cancer prevention

Mehdad

Mansour

Ashayeri

et al. 2020

Nor. Afr. J. Food Nutr. Res.

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Background: Cancer is a multifactorial disease involving individual, behavioral and environmental factors that can contribute to its onset. More than 40% of cancers are estimated to be attributable to avoidable risk factors, particularly diet, physical activity, weight status, and alcohol consumption. Aim: To provide insight into the role of weight status, diet, and physical activity in cancer causation and prevention, and to highlight evidence-based recommendations. Material and methods: A literature review of published studies, particularly recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and large prospective studies was conducted using PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. Results: There is evidence that diets high in red and processed meats, fat and refined carbohydrates, and low in plant foods such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, high consumption of alcohol, overweight/obesity, and physical inactivity are associated with increased risk of tumor development and progression. Therefore, the current recommendations for cancer prevention are based on: (1) eating at least five portions (400g) of vegetables (3 portions) and fruits (2 portions); (2) limiting the consumption of alcohol and unhealthy foods such as red and processed meats, energy-dense foods, and trans-fatty acids; (3) maintaining a healthy weight status; and (4) being at least moderately physically active. Conclusion: While a balanced diet, as defined by the recommendations, can help reduce the risk of certain cancers, no single food can prevent the development of this pathology. The term "anticancer" associated with diet is therefore misleading. Several nutritional factors are associated with an increase or a decrease in the risk of certain cancers. Adopting a healthy and plant-based diets, avoiding overweight/obesity, and being physically active are considered as cornerstones of preventive strategies against cancer. Further studies are needed to elucidate the associations between dietary and lifestyle patterns and cancer. Keywords: Cancer, Diet, Weight status, Overweight, Obesity, Physical activity.

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“…It was initially developed for management of high blood pressure [ 13 , 14 ]; yet, in addition to blood pressure, some studies have shown an association between the DASH dietary pattern and lower incidence of other chronic disease, such as cancers [ 15 , 16 ]. Although several, individual, components of DASH dietary pattern are associated with a reduced risk of CRC (whole grains, dairy product and lower amount of red meat, sodium and extra sugar) and CRA (red meat and extra carbohydrate), this association has not been affirmed for all components of this dietary pattern [ 17 – 21 ]. Accordingly, rather than concentrating on single foods and nutrients, utilization of the whole DASH plan in investigating diet-CRA- CRC relations can be beneficial [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case-control study of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, colorectal cancer and adenomas among Iranian population

et al. 2021

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Background and aims Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide. Recently, much attention has been given to the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and CRC, however, data on colorectal adenomas (CRAs) as its precursor are scarce. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the association of DASH score with the risk of CRC and CRA in Iranian adults. Method A total of 499 participants, including 129 CRC and 130 CRA cases, along with 240 controls, were asked about their dietary intake via a validated questionnaire. The DASH score was then calculated based on a priori methods and categorized in quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association of DASH score and the risk of CRC and CRA. Results After adjusting for confounding variables, adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a reduction in the risk of CRC and CRA, respectively (OR of 4th versus 1st quartile = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.22). Also, subgroup analysis based on gender showed that women and men with a higher DASH score had a significantly lower risk of CRC and CRAs. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that adherence to a DASH dietary pattern could reduce the risk of CRC and CRA in men and women. Promoting a DASH eating plan can be helpful in reducing the risk of CRC.

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Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern reduces the risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 52 publications

Defining diet quality: a synthesis of dietary quality metrics and their validity for the double burden of malnutrition

Defining diet quality: a synthesis of dietary quality metrics and their validity for the double burden of malnutrition

Diet, weight status, and physical activity in cancer prevention

A case-control study of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, colorectal cancer and adenomas among Iranian population

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