Adherence to Lifestyle Recommendations for Bone Health in Older Adults with and without Osteoporosis: Cross-Sectional Results of the OUTDOOR ACTIVE Study

Abstract

Sustaining good bone health into older age is key for preventing osteoporosis. Bone health is associated with several lifestyle factors. This study investigates older adults’ adherence to bone health-promoting lifestyle recommendations dependent on osteoporosis status. Cross-sectional data of 1610 community-dwelling older adults (65–75 years) residing in Bremen, Germany (53.4% female) were included. The Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool and self-reported osteoporosis diagnosis were used to classify participants by osteoporosis status (low risk, high risk, diagnosis). Adherence to bone health recommendations regarding calcium and vitamin D intake, sun exposure, alcohol consumption, resistance/weight-bearing exercise, and physical activity were assessed. Descriptive statistics were applied, stratified by sex and osteoporosis status. A total of 91 women (10.6%) and 15 men (2.0%) reported an osteoporosis diagnosis, 457 women (43.2%) and 311 men (41.4%) were classified as having a high risk, and 311 women (36.2%) and 425 men (56.6%) as having a low risk. Adherence to bone health recommendations was high for calcium intake (93.3–100.0%), vitamin D intake (77.8–93.3%), and sun exposure (86.7–97.7%). Lower adherence was observed regarding resistance/weight-bearing exercise (36.3–54.4%), physical activity (14.3–57.7%), and alcohol consumption (40.0–72.4%). In conclusion, tailored prevention strategies are needed that focus on older adults with an osteoporosis diagnosis or who are at high risk.

The relationship between dietary intakes assessed by duplicate portion sampling method and bone health in female students: a cross-sectional study

“…In a prospective study with a ten-year follow-up period on individuals with the mean age of 27 years, Baker et al reported that subjects with higher physical activity had greater BMD (Bakker et al , 2003). Physical activity improves bone health and muscle function by enhancing strength, flexibility, balance and coordination (Santos et al , 2017; Albrecht et al , 2022). In line with our results, in a study on women aged 25–65 years, Uusi-Rasi et al (1998) showed that physical activity had a greater relationship with bone mass than calcium intake.…”

Osteoporosis

“…Women who smoke demonstrate an earlier menopause with lower serum estradiol levels 14. Consuming more than one serving of alcohol daily for females and three servings daily for males is associated with an increased osteoporotic risk 3…”

“…14 Consuming more than one serving of alcohol daily for females and three servings daily for males is associated with an increased osteoporotic risk. 3 Secondary osteoporosis can occur from multiple endocrine and immune diseases that affect bone metabolism (see Causes of secondary osteoporosis). 6,[14][15][16] Diabetes mellitus is the most common secondary cause of osteoporosis, followed by medication-induced osteoporosis.…”

“…1 It is characterized by decreased bone mineral density, leading to an increased fracture risk. [1][2][3][4][5] Osteoporosis is commonly undiagnosed until a fracture occurs. 6,7 Vertebral fractures are the most common type of osteoporotic fracture.…”

Hydroxyapatite Incorporated with Fe3O4@MCM-41 Core–Shell: A Promising Nanocomposite for Teriparatide Delivery in Bone Tissue Regeneration

“…Bone fractures, especially in the spine and long bones, have a significant impact on patient well-being and are associated with high mortality rates. − Challenges in treatment include instability, low drug effectiveness due to poor bioavailability and short half-lives, and side effects . Emerging solutions include innovative therapeutic agents, technologies like 3D printing and bone scaffolding, , finite element software for surgeries, methods to enhance bone density, , targeted drug delivery, and combined treatments …”