Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, dyslipidemia and inflammation in familial hypercholesterolemia

Antoniazzi, Luiza; Arroyo-Olivares, Raquel; Bittencourt, Márcio; Tada, Maurício Teruo; Lima, Isabella Ramos; Jannes, Cinthia E.; Krieger, José Eduardo; Pereira, Alexandre C.; Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.; Muñiz-Grijalvo, Ovidio; Díaz‐Díaz, José Luis; Alonso, Rodrigo; Mata, Pedro; Santos, Raúl D.

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2021.04.006

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The authors showed that higher adherence to a MedDiet was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality, Alzheimer’s disease/dementia, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and cancer incidence [ 4 ]. Further, better adherence to a MedDiet may lead to increased masticatory performance [ 5 ], fewer falls in community-dwelling individuals [ 6 ], better dyslipidemia and low-grade inflammation profiles in familial hypercholesterolemia [ 7 ], and a reduced risk of global cognitive decline [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet 1-Year after Completion of the MedLey Study

et al. 2022

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Mediterranean populations enjoy the health benefits of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), but is it feasible to implement such a pattern beyond the Mediterranean region? The MedLey trial, a 6-month MedDiet intervention vs habitual diet in older Australians, demonstrated that the participants could maintain high adherence to a MedDiet for 6 months. The MedDiet resulted in improved systolic blood pressure (BP), endothelial dilatation, oxidative stress, and plasma triglycerides in comparison with the habitual diet. We sought to determine if 12 months after finishing the MedLey study, the participants maintained their adherence to the MedDiet principles and whether the reduction in the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors that were seen in the trial were sustained. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire, and a 15-point MedDiet adherence score (MDAS; greater score = greater adherence) was calculated. Home BP was measured over 6 days, BMI was assessed, and fasting plasma triglycerides were measured. The data were analysed using intention-to-treat linear mixed effects models with a group × time interaction term, comparing data at baseline, 2, 4, and 18 months (12 months post-trial). At 18 months (12 months after finishing the MedLey study), the MedDiet group had a MDAS of 7.9 ± 0.3, compared to 9.6 ± 0.2 at 4 months (p < 0.0001), and 6.7 ± 0.2 (p < 0.0001), at baseline. The MDAS in the HabDiet group remained unchanged over the 18-month period (18 months 6.9 ± 0.3, 4 months 6.9 ± 0.2, baseline 6.7 ± 0.2). In the MedDiet group, the consumption of olive oil, legumes, fish, and vegetables remained higher (p < 0.01, compared with baseline) and discretionary food consumption remained lower (p = 0.02) at 18 months. These data show that some MedDiet principles could be adhered to for 12 months after finishing the MedLey trial. However, improvements in cardiometabolic health markers, including BP and plasma triglycerides, were not sustained. The results indicate that further dietary support for behaviour change may be beneficial to maintaining high adherence and metabolic benefits of the MedDiet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet 1-Year after Completion of the MedLey Study

et al. 2022

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“…Another cross-sectional study on the effect of the Mediterranean diet on lipid metabolism in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia was conducted on Brazilian residents (n=92) and Spanish residents (n=98) [Antoniazzi et al, 2021]. As shown, the majority of Brazilian residents (83.7%) had low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, which was associated with their higher LDL cholesterol levels than in the Spanish group: 179 (135-250) and 161 ) mg/dL.…”

Section: Mediterranean Diet and Lipid Profilementioning

confidence: 98%

Health Benefits of Vegetarian and Mediterranean Diets: Narrative Review

Pieczyńska¹,

Rzymski²

2022

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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Typical protein intake 70 g/day (lacto-ovo-vegetarians) 64 g/day (vegans) [Mariotti & Gardner, 2019] 70 g/day [Tosti et al., 2018] Main carbohydrates sources Cereals, fruits, vegetables, sweets Cereals, fruits, vegetables, sweets Main fat sources Vegetable oils, nuts Olive oil, nuts Excluded products Meat (and all animal-derived products in case of a vegan diet) -Methods of thermal processing All; preferably raw fruits and vegetables Avoidance of frying; preferably raw fruits and vegetables Health risks Calcium, iron, vitamin D 3 , and B 12 deficiencies -Distinguishing features No meat consumption Focusing on local products; olive oil as the main source of fat

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“…An animal study reported that nutrients such as anthocyanins, flavanones, hydroxycinnamic acid, and ascorbic acid that are high in MedDiet are able to enhance anti-inflammatory activity and immune-modulation activity in hyperglycemic condition, which further prevent development of T2DM [76]. Adherence to a MedDiet was associated with better dyslipidemia and low-grade inflammation profiles in familial hypercholesterolemia [77], which may further reduce the risk of both CVD and T2DM.…”

Section: Risk Factors Of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Mediterranean Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Motivations and Challenges

et al. 2022

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Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disability and death in many countries. Together with CVD, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 80% of all premature non-communicable disease deaths. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on CVD and its risk factors, including T2DM, has been a constant topic of interest. Notwithstanding, despite the large body of evidence, scientists are concerned about the challenges and difficulties of the application of MedDiet. This review aims to explore the motivations and challenges for using MedDiet in patients with CVD and T2DM. Design: An electronic search was conducted for articles about MedDiet published in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2021, particularly on CVD and T2DM patients. From a total of 1536 studies, the final eligible set of 108 studies was selected. Study selection involved three iterations of filtering. Results: Motivation to apply MedDiet was driven by the importance of studying the entire food pattern rather than just one nutrient, the health benefits, and the distinct characteristics of MedDiet. Challenges of the application of MedDiet include lacking universal definition and scoring of MedDiet. Influences of nutritional transition that promote shifting of traditional diets to Westernized diets further complicate the adherence of MedDiet. The challenges also cover the research aspects, including ambiguous and inconsistent findings, the inexistence of positive results, limited evidence, and generalization in previous studies. The review revealed that most of the studies recommended that future studies are needed in terms of health benefits, describing the potential benefits of MedDiet, identifying the barriers, and mainly discussing the effect of MedDiet in different populations. Conclusions: In general, there is consistent and strong evidence that MedDiet is associated inversely with CVD risk factors and directly with glycemic control. MedDiet is the subject of active and diverse research despite the existing challenges. This review informs the health benefits conferred by this centuries-old dietary pattern and highlights MedDiet could possibly be revolutionary, practical, and non-invasive approach for the prevention and treatment CVD and T2DM.

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Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, dyslipidemia and inflammation in familial hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

Long-Term Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet 1-Year after Completion of the MedLey Study

Long-Term Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet 1-Year after Completion of the MedLey Study

Health Benefits of Vegetarian and Mediterranean Diets: Narrative Review

Application of Mediterranean Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Motivations and Challenges

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