Adherence of staphylococcus aureus to catheter tubing inhibition by quaternary ammonium compounds

Abstract

IntroductionS. aureus is a Gram positive bacterium which is responsible for a wide range of infections. This pathogen has also the ability to adhere to biotic or abiotic surface such as central venous catheter (CVC) and to produce a biofilm. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB) and Hexadecylbetainate chloride (HBC) on Staphylococcus aureus adherence to the catheter tubing and on bacteria growth.MethodsBroth microdilution method was used to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The detection of slime production was done by Congo Red Agar method, and the adherence of bacteria to the catheter tubing was evaluated by the enumeration of bacteria on plate counts.ResultsThe results of this study showed that the MICs of HTAB were ranged from 0.125 to 0.5 µg/mL, and those of HBC fluctuated between 2 to 8 µg/mL. HTAB and HBC inhibited bacteria adhesion on the surface of the catheter tubing.ConclusionThis study showed that HTAB and HBC can prevent the adherence of S. aureus strains to the surface of catheter tubing, suggesting that they could be used to prevent the risk of catheter related bloodstream infections.

Self-disinfecting surfaces and infection control

“…This drawback has led to an increasing search for alternatives to be used as antimicrobials. Quaternary ammonium compounds, chlorhexidine, benzalkonium chloride or nitric oxide are some examples of substances that were already tested as an alternative [105][106][107]. Quaternary ammonium compounds are disinfectants used in hospitals and healthcare facilities for several clinical purposes as disinfection of surfaces and medical material.…”

“…Neut et al [127] performed a similar study using a gentamicin-releasing coating that was able to prevent Staphylococci growth on a prosthetic hip surface for at least 60 hours, showing promising results. In a work by Iyamba et al [106], quaternary ammonium compounds (hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and hexadecylbetainate chloride) were immobilized on medical catheters reducing S. aureus adhesion to its surface. Zanini et al [128] also developed a work in which quaternary ammonium silanes were used to coat polyurethane catheters.…”

Caracterização molecular da resistência aos carbapenêmicos e disseminação de amostras clínicas e ambientais de Acinetobacter baumannii multirresistentes produtoras de biofilme: caracterização molecular de Acinetobacter baumannii

“…Outro aspecto importante é a adesão inicial do micro-organismo nas superfícies, passo considerado essencial para a formação do biofilme. Infelizmente, a maioria dos estudos publicados avaliam essa produção apenas por experimentos de cristal violeta e/ou ágar vermelho Congo (LEE et al, 2008;ESPINAL;VILA, 2012;SANCHEZ et al, 2013;IYAMBA et al, 2016;PEDROSO et al, 2016), sem mensurar a concentração ou adesão de células do biofilme. Para tanto, o nosso estudo é dos poucos no país a utilizar uma metodologia laboriosa que permite avaliar estatisticamente a adesão bacteriana, a quantidade de células no biofilme e a biomassa do biofilme, e é o único que mostra essa relação em amostras clínicas e ambientais de A. baumannii.…”