Adherence of Haemophilus influenzae to human buccal and pharyngeal epithelial cells: relationship to pilation

Pichichero, M. E.

doi:10.1099/00222615-18-1-107

Cited by 49 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similarly, adherence to epithelial cells might facilitate bronchial colonisation and infection. The unexpected findings of Turk and Holdaway (1968), suggesting that capsulated H. influenzae strains differ sharply from non-capsulated strains in playing no part in the infections complicating bronchiectasis, fit rather neatly with more recent evidence that non-capsulated strains of this species adhere to human epithelium far better than do capsulated strains (Lewis and Dajani, 1980;Lampe et al, 1982;Pichichero, 1984).…”

Section: Localised Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…They postulated that potential piliation may be general among H. injluenzae type b, that piliation may be important in achieving nasopharyngeal colonisation, but that subsequent reversion to the nonpiliated state may assist invasion of the host by reducing the organism's liability to phagocytosis. An extension of this work is reported on pp 109-118 of this issue (Pichichero, 1984). Meanwhile, Kaplan, Mason and Wiedermann (1983) have reported that the heavily piliated nasopharyngeal isolates that they obtained from three children with haemophilus meningitis were no better at colonising the noses of infant rats than were the non-piliated isolates from the cerebrospinal fluids of the same children.…”

Section: Bacteraemic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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The pathogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae

Turk

1984

Journal of Medical Microbiology

310

147

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Problems about the pathogenicity of an organism can be classified as: (1) clinical and epidemiological-what diseases does it cause or take part in, and when? (2) research (with prophylactic and therapeutic implications)-how does it do so? Category (1) answers for Haemophilus injuenzae began in 1892, with Pfeiffer's claim that it was the cause of influenza; but the true picture of the range of pathogenic activities of this species became clear in the period 1930-1960 answers have in general been more recent, and are still far from complete (as is the case with most pathogens); but a fascinating array of contributions has appeared in the past few years. What and when?To discuss the pathogenicity of H . injuenzae as though the species were in this respect a single entity would be to confuse things that differ widely. It has been clear for over 50 years (Pittman, 1931), but not known as widely as it should have been, that a minority of H. injluenzae strains have polysaccharide capsules, and that one of the six capsular types (type b) differs in pathogenicity from the rest of the species at least as markedly as do streptococci of Lancefield's group A from other P-haemolytic streptococci. The main facts about the distribution and pathogenicity of capsulated and non-capsulated strains of H. injluenzae are summarised in the table. The species has 00 non-human hosts. Capsular type bThe 2 4 % carriage rates for H. injluenzae type b listed in the table represent the findings of numerous surveys, each of which was a "snapshot" of the distribution of the organism in one community at one time. These give no information about the dynamics of carriage. Rates in the range 2 4 % would be found, for example, in a community of which each member carried the organism for about 2 months during a 5-year period. There is some evidence (e.g., Turk, 1963) that the duration of carriage of H. injluenzae type b by individual children is often of that order. Moreover, when Sell, Turner and Federspiel(l973) studied 55 children through their first 5 years of life, culturing nasopharyngeal swabs mostly at 3-month intervals, they isolated H.

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Section: Localised Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Bacteraemic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

The pathogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae

Turk

1984

Journal of Medical Microbiology

310

147

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“…Haemophilus influenzae have shown a close correlation between the presence of fimbriae, haemagglutinating properties and adherence to epithelial cells (33)(34)(35). The presence of fimbriae has also been demonstrated in other species of the genus Haemophilus (36,37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization ofHaemophilus influenzae isolated from patients with otitis media

Dabernat¹,

Delmas²,

Rich

et al. 1988

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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Two hundred and twenty-three Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from patients with otitis media throughout France were characterized by biotype, serotype, antibiotic susceptibility, type of beta-lactamase production and human erythrocyte agglutination properties. All strains fell in one of two groups. One group consisted of encapsulated type b strains, 50% of which were biotype I, often resistant to ampicillin (38.5% of beta-lactamase producing strains) and seldom positive for haemagglutination (3.8%). The second group was composed of non-encapsulated strains, 42% of which were of biotype II, 10.6% beta-lactamase producers and 10.5% positive for haemagglutination.

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“…The capsule certainly must impose a great biosynthetic drain on the organism. Also, some reports suggest that unencapsulated Haemophilus adhere better to epithelial cells (20,21) and may thereby have an advantage for maintaining colonization of mucosal surfaces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes involved in Haemophilus influenzae type b capsule expression are part of an 18-kilobase tandem duplication.

Hoiseth¹,

Moxon²,

Silver³

1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae type b produce nonencapsulated variants at high frequency (0.1-0.3%). Cosmid cloning was used to investigate the genetic mechanism responsible for this instability. Analysis of three independently derived cosmid clones showed that the b+ parental strain contains an 18-kilobase tandem duplication of genes involved in type b capsule expression. Loss of one complete copy of the 18-kilobase tandem duplication occurred following transformation of the cosmid clones into Rec', but not Rec , Escherichia coli, and inH. influenzae strains that had spontaneously lost capsule expression. These results suggest that high-frequency loss of type b capsule expression is due to rec-dependent recombination between the two copies of the 18-kilobase tandem repeat. This is further supported by our finding that introduction of the H. influenzae rec-) mutation METHODSBacterial Strains. The source of DNA for the H. influenzae cosmid library was the prototypic type b strain Eagan (6). The Rec-E. coli strain HB101 and the Rec+ E. coli strain C600 are described elsewhere (7). A rec-J streptomycin-resistant (SmR) H. influenzae strain (8) was kindly provided by J.Setlow.Cosmid Cloning. High molecular weight H. influenzae chromosomal DNA was isolated essentially as described by Smith (9), but the EDTA concentration of the resuspension buffer was reduced to 5 mM to prevent premature lysis. This procedure employs gentle phenol extraction, and there is no ethanol precipitation before the Sau3A cleavage reaction. Residual phenol was removed by dialysis, and the DNA was partially cleaved with Sau3A (Boehringer Mannheim). The DNA was phenol-extracted, butanol-extracted, and ethanolprecipitated prior to size fractionation in a 5-20% NaCl gradient (SW41 rotor, 35,000 rpm, 4.5 hr, 40C). Salt was removed by dialysis, and fractions containing DNA in the 30-to 50-kb size range were identified by electrophoresis in a 0.3% agarose gel. DNA from such fractions was mixed with BamHI-cleaved pHC79 (10) vector DNA at an insert/vector molar ratio of approximately 2:1. The DNAs were ligated using T4 DNA ligase (Bethesda Research Laboratories) and the ligated DNA was packaged using X DNA packaging extracts (also from Bethesda Research Laboratories). Recombinant clones were isolated on LB plates (7) containing ampicillin at 50 pug/ml. Colony Hybridization. Recombinant clones were prongreplicated to nitrocellulose filters, and the filters were incubated for 6-18 hr on LB plates containing ampicillin at 50 ,ug/ml. The colonies were lysed and neutralized according to Hill and Payne (11). The filters were prewashed, prehybridized, and hybridized as described (7). DNA Probes. 32P-labeled probes were prepared using a nick-translation kit (Bethesda Research Laboratories) and [a-32P] for cotransformation of rec-J using UV-sensitivity. PurificaAbbreviation: kb, kilobase(s). 1106The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accord...

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Adherence of Haemophilus influenzae to human buccal and pharyngeal epithelial cells: relationship to pilation

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

The pathogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae

The pathogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae

Characterization ofHaemophilus influenzae isolated from patients with otitis media

Genes involved in Haemophilus influenzae type b capsule expression are part of an 18-kilobase tandem duplication.

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