Adherence of Group A Streptococci to Pharyngeal Cells: A Role In The Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever

Selinger, Daniel S.; Julie, Neil; Reed, William P.; Williams, Ralph C.

doi:10.1126/science.351810

Cited by 43 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Certain individuals may be prone to develop caries because strains of caries-inducing streptococci adhere more avidly to their-teeth than to the teeth of other individuals. Thus the findings in this study seem to parallel those on adherence to pharyngeal cells of group A streptococci associated with rheumatic fever (20).…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

Adherence and Streptococcus mutans infections: in vitro study with saliva from noninfected and infected preschool children

Köhler¹,

Krasse²,

Carlén³

1981

Infect Immun

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An in vitro adherence experiment was designed to mimic the transmission of Streptococcus mutans from mother to child to test the hypothesis that differences in initial adherence reflect differences in susceptibility to infection. The data show that the pretreatment of S. mutans cells with the saliva of the mother in a mother-child pair and the pretreatment of spheroidal hydroxyapatite with that of the child may result in combinations which counteract or foster the initial adherence to a varying extent. The findings indicate that such combinations may determine the risk of S. mutans infection.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Adherence and Streptococcus mutans infections: in vitro study with saliva from noninfected and infected preschool children

Köhler¹,

Krasse²,

Carlén³

1981

Infect Immun

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“…Though M protein and other virulence factors elaborated by GAS are important, the pathogenesis of severe GAS infections is also affected by host immunity or host cell responses [1]. For example, oral mucosa samples from different donors have been shown to vary in epithelial cell composition and to change according to the donor's diet [29] and general health [30]. Changes in epithelial cell population, such as an increase or decrease in the number of M cells [31], or fluctuations in the health of the oral epithelium in patients may help to describe how a single strain of GAS can cause different clinical manifestations in different people [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of adherence to and penetration of a human laryngeal epithelial cell line by group A streptococci of various M protein types

Hagman¹,

Dale²,

Stevens³

1999

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

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Clinically isolated group A streptococci (GAS) of different M protein types were studied using aminoglycoside exclusion and [2,8-3H]adenine radiolabeled GAS assays to compare the abilities of different strains to adhere to and internalize within human laryngeal epithelial (HEp-2) cells. GAS isolated from patients with pharyngitis and GAS isolated from patients with more severe disease, such as necrotizing fasciitis, adhered to and penetrated HEp-2 cells equally well. M3, M4, M6, and M12 strains adhered to and were internalized within HEp-2 cells more than M1 strains. M18 GAS producing hyaluronic acid capsules were less adherent and less invasive than the M3, M4, M6, and M12 strains. An M3-producing GAS strain and its M protein-deficient isogenic strain adhered similarly to HEp-2 cells, but the M protein-deficient strain exhibited greater penetration. Preincubation of HEp-2 cells with an N-terminal synthetic M3 peptide did not alter the adherence or penetration by an M3 strain. In summary, this study demonstrates that GAS from invasive and non-invasive disease adhere to and penetrate HEp-2 cells equally well and that multiple strains of GAS with various M protein types have the ability to adhere to and penetrate HEp-2 cells.

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“…We have also shown that this strain does not possess measurable exoenzyme activities like collagenase, neuraminidase, DNase, hyaluronidase, chondroitin sulfatase, or hemolytic activity, which are known to be involved in the development of the infection process through their role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (33,37,43). A further important prerequisite for a microorganism to exert pathogenic effects is its binding to the cells of the host (41). Using the Caco-2 model, we have demonstrated that strain B. xylanisolvens DSM 23964 does not stably bind to human intestinal epithelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Preliminary Safety Evaluation of a New Bacteroides xylanisolvens Isolate

Ulsemer

Toutounian

Schmidt

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Besides conferring some health benefit to the host, a bacterial strain must present an unambiguous safety status to be considered a probiotic. We here present the preliminary safety evaluation of a new Bacteroides xylanisolvens strain (DSM 23964) isolated from human feces. First results suggest that it may be able to provide probiotic health benefits. Its identity was confirmed by biochemical analysis, by sequencing of its 16S rRNA genes, and by DNA-DNA hybridization. Virulence determinants known to occur in the genus Bacteroides, such the bft enterotoxin and other enzymatic activities involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix and the capsular polysaccharide PS A, were absent in this strain. The investigation of the antibiotic susceptibility indicated that strain DSM 23964 was sensitive to metronidazole, meropenem agents, and clindamycin. Resistance to penicillin and ampicillin was identified to be conferred by the ␤-lactamase cepA gene and could therefore be restored by adding ␤-lactamase inhibitors. The localization of the cepA gene in the genome of strain DSM 23964 and the absence of detectable plasmids further suggest that a transfer of ␤-lactamase activity or the acquisition of other antibiotic resistances are highly improbable. Taken together, the presented data indicate that the strain B. xylanisolvens DSM 23964 has no virulence potential. Since it also resists the action of gastric enzymes and low-pH conditions, this strain is an interesting candidate for further investigation of its safety and potential health-promoting properties.

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Adherence of Group A Streptococci to Pharyngeal Cells: A Role In The Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever

Cited by 43 publications

References 10 publications

Adherence and Streptococcus mutans infections: in vitro study with saliva from noninfected and infected preschool children

Adherence and Streptococcus mutans infections: in vitro study with saliva from noninfected and infected preschool children

Comparison of adherence to and penetration of a human laryngeal epithelial cell line by group A streptococci of various M protein types

Preliminary Safety Evaluation of a New Bacteroides xylanisolvens Isolate

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