ADHD as a Risk Factor for Infection With Covid-19

Merzon, Eugene; Rotem, Ann; Schneider, Tzipporah; Vinker, Shlomo; Golan‐Cohen, Avivit; Lauden, Ari; Weizman, Abraham; Green, Ilan

doi:10.1177/1087054720943271

Cited by 69 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…As usually accepted and reported before, three categories of SES were defined for the present study: levels one to seven were categorized as low SES, eight to 13 as middle SES, and 14 to 20 as high SES. 17 Ethnicity was also defined according to the home address of the HMO member, and categorized into three groups: secular Jewish population, orthodox Jews, and Arabs.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of previous influenza vaccination and coronavirus disease-2019

Green

Ashkenazi

Merzon

et al. 2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Studies have shown similarities in the structure of influenza and coronaviruses, in their binding receptors and in patterns of immune responses; and that influenza vaccine can induce cross-immunity. We examined the association of previous influenza vaccination and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, resulting in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), among 715,164 members of a health maintenance organization. In a multivariate regression model, the odds ratios for SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals vaccinated for influenza in 2018-2019, 2019-2020, and in both seasons, compared to nonvaccinated individuals, were 0.82 (95% CI 0.68-0.99, p = .048), 0.79 (95% CI 0.67-0.98, p = .005), and 0.76 (95% CI 0.61-0.97, p = .004), respectively. Based on our findings, administration of influenza vaccine before the influenza season is highly recommended to reduce the burden of influenza, which is critical in scenarios of outbreaks of both influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections, and also regarding its association with reduced rate of COVID-19.

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Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of previous influenza vaccination and coronavirus disease-2019

Green

Ashkenazi

Merzon

et al. 2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…For adults, the COVID-19 related literature in Autism is not developed, although there is some discussion in the literature pertaining to children [25]. For adult ADHD, although there are initial reports of the effects of the pandemic and risk factors in adult populations [26,27] there is again nothing specific to digital health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote assessment in adults with Autism or ADHD: A service user satisfaction survey

et al. 2021

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Advances in digital health have enabled clinicians to move away from a reliance on face to face consultation methods towards making use of modern video and web-based conferencing technology. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote telecommunication methods have become much more common place in mental health settings. The current study sought to investigate whether remote telecommunication methods are preferable to face to face consultations for adults referred to an Autism and ADHD Service during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, whether there are any differences in preferred consultation methods between adults who were referred for an assessment of Autism as opposed to ADHD. 117 service users who undertook assessment by the ADHD and Autism Service at South West Yorkshire NHS Partnership Foundation Trust from April to September 2020 completed an adapted version of the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ). Results demonstrated that service users found remote telecommunication to be useful, effective, reliable and satisfactory. Despite this, almost half of service users stated a general preference for face to face consultations. There was no difference in the choice of methods of contact between Autism and ADHD pathways. Remote telecommunication methods were found to be an acceptable medium of contact for adults who undertook an assessment of Autism and ADHD at an NHS Service during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…Individuals with ADHD are likely to be particularly vulnerable to the distress caused by the pandemic and physical distancing measures, and may display increased behavioral responses (48). They may also be at greater risk of contracting COVID-19, a risk that appears to be exacerbated in ADHD patients who are untreated (49). Although these additional pressures on services have arisen more recently and are likely to increase with the exacerbation of clinical needs in this population, they have compounded already existing shortfalls.…”

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confidence: 99%

Failure of Healthcare Provision for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the United Kingdom: A Consensus Statement

Young

Asherson

Lloyd³

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Background: Despite evidence-based national guidelines for ADHD in the United Kingdom (UK), ADHD is under-identified, under-diagnosed, and under-treated. Many seeking help for ADHD face prejudice, long waiting lists, and patchy or unavailable services, and are turning to service-user support groups and/or private healthcare for help.Methods: A group of UK experts representing clinical and healthcare providers from public and private healthcare, academia, ADHD patient groups, educational, and occupational specialists, met to discuss shortfalls in ADHD service provision in the UK. Discussions explored causes of under-diagnosis, examined biases operating across referral, diagnosis and treatment, together with recommendations for resolving these matters.Results: Cultural and structural barriers operate at all levels of the healthcare system, resulting in a de-prioritization of ADHD. Services for ADHD are insufficient in many regions, and problems with service provision have intensified as a result of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Research has established a range of adverse outcomes of untreated ADHD, and associated long-term personal, social, health and economic costs are high. The consensus group called for training of professionals who come into contact with people with ADHD, increased funding, commissioning and monitoring to improve service provision, and streamlined communication between health services to support better outcomes for people with ADHD.Conclusions: Evidence-based national clinical guidelines for ADHD are not being met. People with ADHD should have access to healthcare free from discrimination, and in line with their legal rights. UK Governments and clinical and regulatory bodies must act urgently on this important public health issue.

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ADHD as a Risk Factor for Infection With Covid-19

Cited by 69 publications

References 21 publications

The association of previous influenza vaccination and coronavirus disease-2019

The association of previous influenza vaccination and coronavirus disease-2019

Remote assessment in adults with Autism or ADHD: A service user satisfaction survey

Failure of Healthcare Provision for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the United Kingdom: A Consensus Statement

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