ADHD and Sleep in Homicidal Men with Antisocial Personality Disorder

Abstract

A history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is commonly found in subjects with antisocial personality disorder (ASP). Besides ASP, childhood ADHD also predicts drug abuse disorders and criminal activity in adulthood. Childhood ADHD and ASP appear to be the only psychiatric disorders reported to be associated with an increase in deep sleep. The aims of the present study were to retrospectively measure the childhood ADHD of habitually violent men with ASP and Cloninger type 2 alcoholism, and to characterize the possible relationship between childhood ADHD and sleep architecture in these men. The subjects of the study consisted of 14 homicidal offenders recruited from a forensic psychiatric examination. Ten age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers served as controls. Childhood ADHD symptoms were measured using the Wender-Utah Rating Scale (WURS). The main findings were that violent offenders with ASP had significantly higher mean WURS scores compared with controls, and both the absolute and percentage amount of stage 4 sleep as well as δ and Θ powers in this sleep stage were positively correlated with the WURS scores. The present study supports the idea that childhood ADHD is associated with the abnormal sleep architecture in habitually violent men with ASP. These two disorders seem to share, at least partly, the same central nervous system deficit.

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance use disorders, and criminality: a difficult problem with complex solutions

“…Comorbidity between ADHD, CD, and SUDs is highly relevant as it has been associated with worse functional impairment (118), increased rates of suicidal behavior (119), as well as higher risk for other psychiatric disorders, such as depression (117), anxiety (117), posttraumatic stress disorder (120,121), eating disorders (38), borderline personality disorder (38), or abnormal sleep architecture (122).…”

Changes over time in homicides by women: a register‐based study comparing female offenders from 1982 to 1992 and 1993 to 2005

“…1 9 8 2 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 4 1 9 8 5 1 9 8 6 1 9 8 7 1 9 8 8 1 9 8 9 1 9 9 0 1 9 9 1 1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 1 9 9 5 1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 Number 2 0 0 5 Year Figure 1: Homicide offenders convicted in district courts in Finland, 1982Finland, -2005 Finland has been the source of several studies on homicide (e.g. Tiihonen and Hakola, 1994;Eronen, 1995;Putkonen et al, 2003;Weizmann-Henelius et al, 2003;Lindberg et al, 2004;Häkkänen and Laajasalo, 2006). Finland has the highest homicide rate in Western Europe (Lehti, 2006).…”