Adesão às medidas de controle ambiental em lares de crianças e adolescentes asmáticos

Abstract

Objective: To determine, through home visits, the rate of compliance with environmental control measures in the homes of children with asthma. Methods: This study involved 98 asthma patients between the ages of 4 and 15. The parents of those children and adolescents received instruction in how to carry out environmental control measures and were encouraged to perform such measures continuously for a period of 90 days. Home visits, which included direct inspection of the domicile and administration of a questionnaire, were made before and after this 90-day period. In cases of noncompliance, parents were asked to explain why they did not carry out the control measures. Statistical analysis was performed using the McNemar test. Results: Overall compliance with the various items studied was 11.1%, ranging from -4.1% (for curtain control, p = 0.63) to 22.6% (for stuffed toys, p < 0.001). Passive smoking was reduced to 9.7% (p = 0.02). Among the families studied, the mean monthly income was 2.5 times the national minimum wage. When asked why they had not adopted the recommended measures, noncompliant parents gave, among others, the following explanations: "economic hardship" (60.1%); "the measures were too difficult to carry out" (6.1%); "nonparticipation of the father" (4%); and "lack of time on the part of the mother" (4%). Conclusion: Environmental control measures were carried out sporadically, possibly reflecting the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors.

Pediatric asthma in developing countries: challenges and future directions

“…Awareness of symptoms, education on therapy, cultural and societal factors affect a patient's perspective and treatment adherence. Among children of different Latino ethnicities, girls from low-income families had poorer adherence to ICS over a 12month period [34,35] and Jentzsch et al [36] showed that compliance to recommendations to reduce or minimize allergen and/or trigger factor exposure was achieved in less than 9.2% of patients among low-income families in rural Brazil. The Covid-19 pandemic of 2020 has highlighted the important role of knowledge, science and education in effecting an appropriate response to any healthcare threat.…”

Avaliação do controle e da gravidade da asma de acordo com o nível de atividade física habitual, a função pulmonar e a qualidade de vida em crianças e adolescentes

“…As crianças e adolescentes do estudo expostas à poeira doméstica e animais de estimação apresentaram maior chance de apresentar asma não controlada e grave. A exposição à aeroalérgenos aumenta o risco da exacerbação da asma, e a profilaxia ambiental melhora o controle e a gravidade da doença, assim, torna-se importante reforçar tanto para o paciente, quanto para a sua família sobre a necessidade de afastar os asmáticos dos possíveis fatores desencadeantes da crise 1,28,[116][117][118] . A média de crises do último ano e nos últimos três meses, segundo o controle foi maior nos pacientes do Grupo ANC e segundo a gravidade no Grupo AG.…”