Adequate iodine nutrition in Sweden: a cross-sectional national study of urinary iodine concentration in school-age children

Andersson, Maria; Berg, Gertrud E. B.; Eggertsen, Robert; Filipsson, Helena; Gramatkovski, Elisabeth; Hansson, Malin; Hulthén, Lena; Milakovic, Mille; Nyström, Ernst

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2008.46

Cited by 31 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The limitations of this national iodine nutrition study in Sweden are discussed in detail elsewhere (Andersson et al, 2009). One limitation of the present study, relative to the UIC study, is that it was performed during the latter half of the period when UIC data were collected.…”

Section: Thyroid Volumes In Swedish Children H Filipsson Nyström Et Almentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The selection of study subjects has previously been described (Andersson et al, 2009). Of the 1199 children selected, 889 (74%) participated in the UIC study and 796 (66%) in the Tvol study.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first national evaluation of iodine status in Sweden was performed according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) (World Health Organization, 2007;Zimmermann, 2009) and the results have been presented (Andersson et al, 2009). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured in a representative national sample of children aged 6-12 years: the national median UIC is 125 mg/l, indicating optimal iodine nutrition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid volume in Swedish school children: a national, stratified, population-based survey

et al. 2010

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Section: Thyroid Volumes In Swedish Children H Filipsson Nyström Et Almentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid volume in Swedish school children: a national, stratified, population-based survey

et al. 2010

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“…Sweden is considered to be iodine sufficient with no geographically significant differences in glandular volume in a recent survey. We therefore consider the population in this study to be iodine sufficient (21,22).…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of hyperthyroidism in Sweden

Abraham-Nordling¹,

Byström²,

Törring³

et al. 2011

European Journal of Endocrinology

193

135

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Introduction: The incidence of hyperthyroidism has been reported in various countries to be 23-93/100 000 inhabitants per year. This extended study has evaluated the incidence for w40% of the Swedish population of 9 million inhabitants. Sweden is considered to be iodine sufficient country. Methods: All patients including children, who were newly diagnosed with overt hyperthyroidism in the years [2003][2004][2005], were prospectively registered in a multicenter study. The inclusion criteria are as follows: clinical symptoms and/or signs of hyperthyroidism with plasma TSH concentration below 0.2 mIE/l and increased plasma levels of free/total triiodothyronine and/or free/total thyroxine. Patients with relapse of hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis were not included. The diagnosis of Graves' disease (GD), toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) and solitary toxic adenoma (STA), smoking, initial treatment, occurrence of thyroid-associated eye symptoms/signs, and demographic data were registered. Results: A total of 2916 patients were diagnosed with de novo hyperthyroidism showing the total incidence of 27.6/100 000 inhabitants per year. The incidence of GD was 21.0/100 000 and toxic nodular goiter (TNGZSTACTMNG) occurred in 692 patients, corresponding to an annual incidence of 6.5/100 000. The incidence was higher in women compared with men (4.2:1). Seventy-five percent of the patients were diagnosed with GD, in whom thyroid-associated eye symptoms/signs occurred during diagnosis in every fifth patient. Geographical differences were observed. Conclusion: The incidence of hyperthyroidism in Sweden is in a lower range compared with international reports. Seventy-five percent of patients with hyperthyroidism had GD and 20% of them had thyroid-associated eye symptoms/signs during diagnosis. The observed geographical differences require further studies.

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“…Sweden is considered iodine sufficient (17,18) with an iodine fortification programme of table salt since 1936. Only a few small observational studies from the 1970s and 1980s have reported on the prognosis after ATD treatment in Sweden, and only a minority of the eligible patients had been treated with ATDs (7,19,20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term prognosis after medical treatment of Graves' disease in a northern Swedish population 2000–2010

Mohlin

Nyström

Eliasson

2014

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: To investigate the long-term prognosis of patients with Graves' disease (GD) after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment and follow-up outside of highly specialised care. Design and methods: Medical records of all patients diagnosed with first-time GD in 2000-2010 with at least 6 months ATD treatment at a central hospital and follow-up in primary health care in the county of Norrbotten in northern Sweden were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were followed for relapse until 31st December 2012. We included 219 patients (mean age 46 years, 82.5% women) with follow-up of maximum 10 years and 829 observed patient years. Data were analysed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank test. Results: During the observation period, 43.5% of the patients had relapsed into active GD. The cumulative relapse rates were 22.6, 30.2, 36.9 and 41.5% after 6 months, 1, 3 and 5 years respectively. The presence of goitre (PZ0.014) predicted relapse. Previous smoking was protective against relapse (PZ0.003). The levels of free thyroxine or free tri-iodothyronine, age, gender, current smoking and ophthalmopathy did not predict relapse. Agranulocytosis was found in 1.7% (95% CI 0.7-4.0%). Conclusion: A long-term remission of 56.5%, in an iodine-sufficient area where ATD is offered to most patients in the real world of central and district hospitals, is higher than in most studies. Relapse was most common during the first year, and prognosis was excellent after 4 years without relapse. The protective effect of previous smoking merits further research.

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Adequate iodine nutrition in Sweden: a cross-sectional national study of urinary iodine concentration in school-age children

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Thyroid volume in Swedish school children: a national, stratified, population-based survey

Thyroid volume in Swedish school children: a national, stratified, population-based survey

Incidence of hyperthyroidism in Sweden

Long-term prognosis after medical treatment of Graves' disease in a northern Swedish population 2000–2010

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