Adenovirus 36 infection and obesity

Adenovirus-36 prevalence paradox in development

“…3 For serological results, as in the previous literature the authors indicate that AD-36 is distinct from all other human adenoviruses in terms of neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition, and does not cross-react with other viruses. 3 Besides molecular results in animals, also limited results in humans are available although maybe in a paradoxal way. Therefore we want to comment on the indicated specificity of AD-36 serology and on a non-neglectable absence or non-detection of AD-36 in most adenoviral studies in humans.…”

“…For decades, adenovirus-36 (AD-36) and infectobesity are part of an ongoing discussion within obesity research based on intriguing results described first in 1992 in animals by Dhurandhar et al 1 and in 2005 in humans by Atkinson et al 2 Recently, this topic is introduced also in clinical virology by Esposito et al 3 Within this clinical virological view, the authors indicate that available data -including molecular results in animals and serological results in USA, Korea and Italy with AD-seroprevalences up to 30% and higher -do not completely solve the problem of the possible relationship between AD-36 infection and obesity in humans. 3 For serological results, as in the previous literature the authors indicate that AD-36 is distinct from all other human adenoviruses in terms of neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition, and does not cross-react with other viruses.…”

A Positive Association between T. gondii Seropositivity and Obesity

“…Since that time, several viruses have been shown to cause obesity in animal models (6). Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, gut microflora, Helicobacter pyloris , Selenomonas noxia , and Chlamydophila pneumonia have been studied for possible association of infection with obesity, with adenovirus 36 (Ad36) being the most studied in humans (10), although a causal role is unclear (11). Yamada et al (12) reported an association of Ad36 infection with obesity risk and weight gain, but not with abdominal obesity (i.e., increased waist circumference), suggesting that Ad36 infection is preferentially associated with accumulation of subcutaneous fat as opposed to visceral fat.…”

Adenovirus Infections in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Patients

“…HAdVs were initially isolated mainly from military recruits with acute febrile respiratory disease and were subsequently associated with a number of clinical manifestations, including gastroenteritis, hepatitis, keratoconjunctivitis, meningoencephalitis, cystitis, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and myocarditis, but also with noninflammatory conditions, such as obesity (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). HAdV infections are readily transmittable and, in some instances, highly contagious.…”