Adenosine Triphosphate and Deoxyribonucleic Acid in the Alimentary Tract of Cattle Fed Different Nitrogen Sources

Wolstrup, J.; Jensen, Kurt

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1978.tb04197.x

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The average ATP concentration in rumen fluid of faunated cattle ranged from 7.0 to 47.1 ,ug/ml (Table 3). A similar range in rumen ATP concentration has been reported by others (9,10,26,27). Cattle fed the all-hay diet had lower rumen ATP than those that received hay and grain.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Relation of rumen ATP concentration to bacterial and protozoal numbers

Nuzback¹,

Bartley²,

Dennis³

et al. 1983

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Cultures of Streptococcus bovis and mixed populations of rumen bacteria were used to investigate the concentration of ATP and rumen bacterial numbers at various stages of growth. ATP, extracted with Tris buffer, was analyzed using the firefly luciferin-luciferase bioluminescent reaction. ATP concentrations of S. bovis and mixed cultures of rumen bacteria significantly correlated with live cell counts during the log phase of growth but not during the stationary phase. The average cellular ATP concentration of rumen bacteria was calculated to be 0.3 fg of ATP per cell. Studies done with in vivo artificial rumen apparatus revealed that the protozoal contribution to rumen fluid ATP pool size was much more substantial than was the bacterial contribution. The rumen fluid ATP concentration was greater in cattle with protozoa than in those that were defaunated. Differences in ATP concentration due to size differences of ciliate protozoa were observed. Due to the unbalanced distribution of ATP in rumen microbes, ATP appears to be an unsuitable indicator of rumen microbial biomass.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Relation of rumen ATP concentration to bacterial and protozoal numbers

Nuzback¹,

Bartley²,

Dennis³

et al. 1983

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…ATP has been proposed as an indicator of microbial metabolic activity (Wolstrup and Jensen, 1978). According to Erfle et al (1986), it is not a reliable marker for this microbial characteristic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestion of a dehydrated lucerne/barley diet (70:30) in defaunated, Isotricha-monoinoculated and mixed-fauna-inoculated rumen in sheep

Sénaud¹,

Jouany²,

Lassalas³

et al. 1995

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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Summary ― Two adult Texel sheep fitted with permanent rumen fistulae were defaunated for 12 weeks in a preliminary experiment. They were then reinoculated with Isotricha sp for 11 weeks, and finally with a mixed fauna (Entodinium, Epidinium, Eudiplodinium and Isotricha) for 10 weeks. They were fed a diet composed of dehydrated lucerne (700 g/d), pelleted barley grain (300 g/d), grass hay (100 g/d) and wheat straw (50 g/d) in one daily meal. Isotricha and the ciliates of the mixed fauna developed rapidly, reaching a maximum concentration 9-17 d after inoculation. Their concentration then fell for 2-3 d and finally stabilized at values close to 10 4 /ml for Isotricha, Eudiplodinium and Epidinium and 2.5 x 10 5 /ml for Entodinium. The estimated ciliate biomass in the rumen was 1.8 g I-! for a volume of 10.2 mll-1 in the /sotricha-monoinoculated sheep and 4.7 g I-! for a volume of 25.0 mll-1 in mixedfauna-inoculated sheep. The concentration of Isotricha was unaffected by the inoculation of mixed fauna during the third part of the experiment. No difference in total rumen bacteria counts was observed between defaunated, monoinoculated and completely refaunated animals. The total adenylic nucleotide concentration in filtered rumen juice was 4 times higher in faunated sheep just before feeding and 4-9 times lower after feed intake as compared to defaunated animals; the energy charge was always higher in faunated animals. These results are discussed in relation to the digestive activity and biomass of the protozoa. The in situ degradation of lucerne stems was the highest in the mixed-faunated sheep over a retention time interval of 6-18 h.

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“…Passive influx of rumen particulate digesta into the bags would lead to underestimation by <1% of the DM disappearance from feed samples in bags (21, 27, 35). Active influx due to the microorganisms migrating into the bags has a marked effect on disappearance of DM and N. Since many rumen bacteria are nonmotile and about 75%5 of the population is attached to or at least associated with particulate matter (6,38), they would need to coincide with and pass through an opening to enter the bags. It is thus of critical importance to define the percentage of surface area which is covered by apertures.…”

Section: Ttmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological evaluation of the intraruminal in sacculus digestion technique

Meyer¹,

Mackie²

1986

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The influence of nature of the feed sample, feeding frequency and pore size on the influx of bacteria and protozoa into synthetic fiber bags suspended in the rumens of sheep fed different diets was studied. Counts of total culturable bacteria in bags with a pore size of 10 microns were less than 30% of the ruminal counts for animals that were fed the lucerne hay and high-roughage diets. The maximum count (62 and 82% of the ruminal count) for these specific diets was obtained by using bags with a pore size of 53 microns. Protozoal counts in bags with pore sizes of 30 and 53 microns were equal to or higher than the ruminal counts for the lucerne hay and high-roughage diets but less than half of the ruminal count for the low-roughage diet. An interaction between incubation time, feeding frequency of the host animals, and the microbial populations developing inside the bags was also demonstrated. The results clearly show that the microbial population inside the bag differed from that of the surrounding ruminal ingesta and that caution must be taken in interpreting results on feed evaluation and especially on rates of degradation when using the in sacculus technique. Factors influencing the influx of bacteria and protozoa into bags with different pore sizes and containing a variety of substrates are discussed together with suggestions for the use of this technique.

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Adenosine Triphosphate and Deoxyribonucleic Acid in the Alimentary Tract of Cattle Fed Different Nitrogen Sources

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Relation of rumen ATP concentration to bacterial and protozoal numbers

Relation of rumen ATP concentration to bacterial and protozoal numbers

Digestion of a dehydrated lucerne/barley diet (70:30) in defaunated, Isotricha-monoinoculated and mixed-fauna-inoculated rumen in sheep

Microbiological evaluation of the intraruminal in sacculus digestion technique

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