Addressing the contribution of climate and vegetation cover on hillslope denudation, Chilean Coastal Cordillera (26°–38°S)

Schaller, Mirjam; Ehlers, Todd A.; Lang, K. A.; Schmid, Marius R.; Fuentes, Juan Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.026

Cited by 58 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Catchment-wide denudation rates inferred from cosmogenic nuclides (in situ 10 Be) are lowest in Pan de Azúcar (7.7 ± 0.7 t km −2 yr −1 ) and Santa Gracia (9.2 ± 0.8 t km −2 yr −1 ), highest in La Campana (200 ± 22 t km −2 yr −1 ), and intermediate in Nahuelbuta (27.4 ± 2.4 t km −2 yr −1 ) is lower (van Dongen et al, 2019). At the soil pit scale, Schaller et al (2018) report a trend in total soil denudation rates, interpreted as soil production rates, from Pan de Azúcar (8 -11 t km −2 yr −1 ) to Santa Gracia (16 140 -22 t km −2 yr −1 ) with a peak in La Campana (54 -69 t km −2 yr −1 ) and 18 -48 t km −2 yr −1 in Nahuelbuta. The elevated catchment-wide rates at La Campana are attributed to faster erosion processes dominating the entire catchment that is characterized by higher hill slopes than in the other areas (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…By comparison, the La Campana site features higher weathering rates simply because of its steeper topography denudation rates are higher (e.g. Oeser et al, 2018;Schaller et al, 2018;van Dongen et al, 2019). We evaluate bio-weathering by the interactions (1) to (4) introduced above.…”

Section: Is Weathering Modulated By Biota?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we explored weathering, nutrient uptake, and nutrient recycling along the "EarthShape" (Oeser et al, 2018) climate and vegetation gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. The four sites range from ~26°S to ~38°S and while lithology (granitoid), tectonic uplift, and erosion rates (10 to 40 t km −2 yr −1 ; Schaller et al, 2018) are broadly similar, precipitation forms a gradient from 10 mm yr −1 in the north to 1100 mm yr −1 in the south (Ministerio de Obras Públicas, 2017). Similarly, net 90 primary productivity (NPP) increases from 30 to 520 gC m −2 yr −1 (Werner et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, net 90 primary productivity (NPP) increases from 30 to 520 gC m −2 yr −1 (Werner et al, 2018). Along this gradient we quantified the degree (using chemical analyses of rock and regolith, Oeser et al, 2018) and rates (using cosmogenic 10 Be, Schaller et al, 2018) of weathering and nutrient uptake (using NPP and the chemical composition of the major plant species at each site).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoupling silicate weathering from primary productivity – how ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation gradient

Oeser

Blanckenburg

2020

Preprint

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In addition to the supply of primary minerals and water flow the presence and growth rate of land plants are thought to drive rock weathering. While doubtlessly plants and their associated below-ground microbiota possess the tools for considerable weathering work, the quantitative evaluation of their impact relative to the common abiogenic weathering 10 processes remains poorly known. Here we report on a strategy to decipher the relative impact of these two drivers. We did so by quantifying weathering rates and nutrient uptake along the "EarthShape" transect in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera where landscapes are subjected to a substantial north to south gradient in precipitation and vegetation growth, whereas rock type is granitoid throughout and tectonic process rates do not differ much along the gradient. We quantified the bio-available fraction of nutritive elements in regolith and we measured 87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotope ratios in the different compartments of the Earth's Critical 15 Zone (bedrock, regolith, bio-available fraction in saprolite and soil, and vegetation) to identify the sources of mineral nutrients to plants. We thereby budgeted inventories, gains, and losses of nutritive elements in and out of these ecosystems, and quantified mineral nutrient recycling. We found that the weathering rates do not increase with precipitation from north to south along the climate gradient. Instead, the simultaneous increase in biomass growth rate is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. The absence of an increase in weathering rate in spite of a five-fold increase in precipitation leads us to hypothesize 20 that the presence of plants can negatively impact weathering through inducing secondary-mineral formation and by fostering a microbial community that is adapted for nutrient-recycling rather than nutrient-acquisition through weathering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Is Weathering Modulated By Biota?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoupling silicate weathering from primary productivity – how ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation gradient

Oeser

Blanckenburg

2020

Preprint

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“…We focused here on MAP as the main climatic variable to evaluate the response of carbonate surfaces, however subsequent studies should also focus on multifactorial environmental controls, including temperature (Marshall et al, 2015) but also the complex influence of variations in vegetation (e.g. Torres Acosta et al, 2015;Schaller et al, 2018).…”

Section: -Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited influence of climatic gradients on the denudation of a Mediterranean carbonate landscape

et al. 2018

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The dynamics of carbonate-dominated landscapes is still debated, and first-order questions pertaining to the respective importance of chemical and mechanical weathering processes or the influence of climatic variability on denudation rates are largely open. To address these issues, we investigate the denudation pattern across a climatic gradient in Provence, SE France. We focused on a series of major carbonate mountain ranges with elevation spanning 200 to 2000 m and associated with more than 2-fold variations in mean annual temperature and precipitation. We collected 25 samples from 10 different mountain ranges and quantified denudation rates through the measurement of their 36 Cl concentrations in order to explore tectonic and climatic controls on these carbonate landscapes evolution. We observe that most of our samples experience denudation rates in the 30-60 mm/ka range (averaged over 5 to 40 ka), with no evident dependence on variations of mean annual temperature or precipitation. One range (Lure mountain) stands out as a significant outlier, with much higher denudation rates (>100 mm/ka) than adjacent sites (Ventoux mountain) at the same elevation and experiencing similar presentday environmental conditions. We explore in details the climatic, tectonic and geomorphological contexts of these two ranges in order to understand the reasons for this apparent 3-fold difference in denudation rates. A regionally-documented major Holocene hillslope destabilization event appears to be a likely candidate to explain the observed lower 36 Cl concentrations at the top of the Lure mountain. At longer wavelengths, our regional dataset shows no clear control of modern precipitation gradients on denudation rates, consistent with previous observations in landscapes underlain by other lithologies.

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Textural and Mineralogical Signatures of Fluvial Sediments in Mountain Streams of Contrasting Climates in the Southern Western Ghats (India)

Thomas,

Joseph,

Kythavilakom Pillai

2023

Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment

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Addressing the contribution of climate and vegetation cover on hillslope denudation, Chilean Coastal Cordillera (26°–38°S)

Cited by 58 publications

References 37 publications

Decoupling silicate weathering from primary productivity – how ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation gradient

Decoupling silicate weathering from primary productivity – how ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation gradient

Limited influence of climatic gradients on the denudation of a Mediterranean carbonate landscape

Textural and Mineralogical Signatures of Fluvial Sediments in Mountain Streams of Contrasting Climates in the Southern Western Ghats (India)

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