“…Forensic drug testing labs are continuously challenged by analyzing and identifying "atypical" substances. [1][2][3][4] For the well-established controlled substances, knowledge of analytical behavior, reference material and data, and validated analytical methods are available in each forensic laboratory. In contrast, new psychoactive substances (NPS) and additional unusual substances, that is, pure (designer) pharmaceuticals, (designer) doping agents, and drug or pharmaceutical precursors, seized within the casework of police and customs authorities pose challenges in forensic drug analysis and assessment.…”